Ikhamera yokufota ikhule ngokuphuhla. Ukusuka kweyona mvelaphi isemagqagaleni yecamera obscura ukuya kwinkqubo yokwenza ikhompyutha, sibe ngabathathi-nxaxheba ekwenziweni kwekhamera yokufota phantse njengesidalwa esiphilayo, uhlobo lokuba njengalo naliphi na iqabane eliphilayo likwazile ukuzenza zize zilungelelanise neemfuno kunye namandla empucuko. Izifundo kwicandelo lokuqonda kunye nokubanjwa kwenyani yethu kunye nokufakwa kwayo kwinkxaso ebonakalayo kuyenze ukuba ifikeleleke ngakumbi Umhlaba ofanayo apho iikhonsepthi kunye nomkhondo wamava entlalontle zibanjiswe ngonaphakade, ngohlobo lwamangqina kwixesha lethu elidlulileyo.
Ukusukela oko safumanisa ukuba singaliqandisa ixesha ngomatshini, siqale ugqatso lokufikelela kwimfezeko, sifuna okungakumbi nangakumbi, ubunzulu, kunye nemida yesenzo ukuguqula umcimbi wokubanda ube yinto ethembekileyo negqibeleleyo. Ngapha koko, uya kuqaphela ukuba ixesha ngalinye inkqubela phambili kunye nezindululo zenzeka ngokukhawuleza okukhulu. Veki nganye, phantse yonke imihla, kukho inkqubela phambili kwicandelo lethu ebonakaliswa kwipremier yezixhobo ezitsha ezenzelwe ukusondela kufoto ngokuchanekileyo ngakumbi. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle kwale nkqubela ibalulekileyo, asikafiki esiphelweni senkqubo, asikakwazi ukuvelisa eyona mifanekiso ilungileyo yelizwe lethu: Leyo ibanjiwe kukujonga kwethu. I-surreal njengoko inokubonakala ngathi, yeyona khamera intle ijikeleze namhlanje inomona ngamehlo ethu. Kodwa yintoni le iphantsi ngokungenakuphepheka ngenxa yokuba? Qhubeka ufunda kwaye uyayazi ukuba ndithetha ngantoni!
Impendulo icacile: Uxanduva loku kujongela phantsi kuluhlu olunamandla. Le yiparameter ekuthelekiswa ngayo nokuthelekiswa kwekhamera ngokufaka umatshini kuvavanywa. Sele sithethile ngamanye amaxesha okanye enye malunga noluhlu olunamandla kodwa namhlanje bendifuna ukuphanda kancinane kule ngcinga kuba isisiseko kulo naliphi na ingcali kwihlabathi lomfanekiso, kwaye kukuba ngale parameter siyakwazi ukuvavanya ubungakanani bemiqondiso ikhamera yethu ekwaziyo ukuyifumana nokuyimela.
El Uluhlu lweDynamic (Uluhlu lweDynamic) yayo nayiphi na into, iphakathi okanye inkxaso (ayisiyonto ekhethekileyo yekhamera yokufota) ibonisa isixa semiqondiso enakho ukuyifumana, ukwahlula okanye ukumela.
Ukuba kunjalo, sigqiba ekubeni Uluhlu olukhulu lwekhamera, kokukhona kuya kubakho iseti yeempawu ezinokuthi zikwazi ukubona, ukuqhuba kunye nokusebenzisa. Kwintsimi yeekhamera zokufota, uluhlu olunamandla lulinganiswa ngokuseta kweetoni ezinokubonwa (ukusuka kwelona mnyama ukuya kwelona likhanyayo).
Kodwa sinokululinganisa njani uluhlu olutshintshayo lwefoto?
Ngamaxesha amaninzi sisebenza nemifanekiso yemvelaphi engaziwayo (ngakumbi xa siyifumana kumntu wesithathu) kwaye kuba asiyithathi le mifanekiso kwaye asikhange sisebenze kunye neeparameter zokubamba, siyakwazi ukuba luphi uluhlu lomfanekiso wethu.
Kwezi meko isixhobo se-histogram siyimfuneko. Amaxesha amaninzi siye sathetha ngayo (umzekelo xa sijongana nesicelo seLightroom) kwaye siyabulela kuyo sinokufumana imeko yomfanekiso wethu.
I-histogram isinceda ukuba sihlalutye imeko yokufota kwethu kwaye sibone iimpazamo kunye neendawo ezivezwe kakhulu okanye ezingachazwanga. Ngokusebenzisa i-histogram, sinokufumana ibhalansi kunye nomsebenzi wokwandisa uluhlu olunamandla.
Apha ndicebisa umzekelo ngemifanekiso emibini enexabiso elahlukileyo lokwahluka. Eyokuqala ayithelekiswa kangako kunesibini, into ebonakaliswa kwi-histogram.
Kowokuqala sifumana ukungabikho ngokupheleleyo kwamaxabiso kwindawo yesithunzi nakwindawo ebalasele kuyo, ngelixa kweyesibini sifumana ukubanzi okubanzi ukusukela emva kokuyiphatha siye sonyusa uluhlu lweethoni kunye nee-shades kubandakanya i-shades ezihlala Mnyama kunye nee-shades ezihlala zimhlophe.
Kutheni le nto uluhlu lweDynamic lwekhamera lubaluleke kangaka?
Ukukhanyisa sisiseko sayo yonke inkqubo yokugaya. Sisebenza ngokukhanya kumagama aphambili, le yeyona protagonist yinyani eyandayo, ibonakalisiweyo okanye ifunxwe zizinto ezisebenza kuzo. Khawufane ucinge ukuba siza kuthatha umfanekiso-skrini obonisa into ekhanyayo kunye emnyama kakhulu, umzekelo ukukhanya okungasemva. Kule meko, ikhamera kufuneka ibe noluhlu oluncinci olunamandla okuba nakho ukumela nokubamba izinto zethu ezichazwe kakuhle nangokuchaneka okuthile.
Ezi khamera zibonisa uluhlu olunamandla asezantsi ziya kuphinda zivelise iimpazamo, umfanekiso ongacaciswanga kakuhle kwaye uswele izinto ezingakhanyisi kwezona ndawo zikhanyisiweyo nakwiindawo ezikhanyayo kancinci.
Oku kuhambelana ngqo ne amanani f, umbono obaluleke kakhulu kwaye siza kuxoxa ngobunzulu ngakumbi kumanqaku alandelayo.