Iiposta ezinobumba

Iipowusta zihlala zikhona ebomini bethu, ngendlela enye okanye enye, baye bathatha inxaxheba kwiziganeko ezininzi. Yiyo loo nto, kuyo yonke ipowusta, kuhlala kukho izinto ezithatha indawo ephambili kunezinye.

Kule post siza kukwazisa kwihlabathi le iipowusta zokuchwetheza, kwaye ukuze uqonde kwasekuqaleni ukuba zikho, masithi ziluhlobo lwezonxibelelwano zonxibelelwano, apho kuthathwa khona ukugqwesa. typography ngaphezu kwezinye izinto, ezinje ngemibala, imizobo (amanani) njl.njl.

Asizi kuchaza nje into eziyiyo, kodwa siza kukubonisa eyona mizekelo ibalaseleyo eyilwe kwimbali.

Saqala.

Ipowusta

Ipowusta ichazwa njengendlela yokunxibelelana kwengcamango ethile ekufuneka ibonwe kwaye iqondwe ngokulula, iphowusta idla ngokusasazwa kwiindawo ezityelelwa luluntu olukhulu kwaye rhoqo iindawo zokudlula ngoko ke akukho xesha lincinane lokuhlalutya ulwazi lwayo . Kuyo yonke imbali yepowusta, imisebenzi yayo kunye neendawo zokusetyenziswa ziye zatshintsha kwaye ziguquka, imbali yepowusta idibaniswe nenguqu yobugcisa bokumela kunye nokuprinta.

Luhlobo loyilo olusekelwe kwindibaniselwano enobuchule yomfanekiso kunye nesicatshulwa esenza umfanekiso utsale umdla. Ubugcisa bube nempembelelo enkulu kwipowusta ngenxa yesakhono solwazi somfanekiso kunye namandla okutsalana onalo, nangona kunjalo i-psychology ephonononga kakhulu kwinkonzo yentengiso kwiindlela zokuziphatha ezichatshazelwa yi-mechanicals yombono womntu.

Yintoni enxibelelanayo

Uyilo lwepowusta luxhomekeke njengayo nayiphi na imveliso yoyilo yezinto ezininzi:

• Yintoni ekhoyo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku? (Izimvo, iimveliso, imisitho ...)
• Yenzelwe bani (abaphulaphuli ekujoliswe kubo)
• Iindawo apho iya kusasazeka.

Nje ukuba ezi zinto zichongiwe, umyili ubhala ngokwakhe ukuba achaze indlela umbono ophambili wepowusta eyenzeka ngayo kwimifanekiso.

Indima yesicatshulwa njengendlela yolwazi yesibini kwipowusta, inomsebenzi wokuqinisa umfanekiso. Kodwa uyilo lusebenzise izicatshulwa ngaphezu kokwakha imiyalezo ehambelanayo kwaye iphumelele imifanekiso ecetywayo kakhulu njengezona zinto ziphambili kwiipowusta. Apha ungafumana iingcebiso kunye nemathiriyeli yokusebenzisa uchwethezo kuyilo lwepowusta.

Iintlobo zepowusta

Kukho iindidi ngeendidi zepowusta, oku kuyahluka ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni yintoni kanye kanye ejolise kuyo ukunxibelelana nokuba sibhekisa kubani.

Ulwazi

Yiloo powusta ecetywayo ukunxibelelana iziganeko, iinkomfa, iikhosi, iindibano zoluntu, imiboniso, njl. Olu hlobo lwepowusta lunokuboniswa kuphela ngokubhaliweyo, apho oonobumba abakhulu kwimvelaphi yombala eyahlukileyo bayacetyiswa. Izicatshulwa kufuneka zinike ulwazi oluyimfuneko kuphela.

Ukuqulunqa

Isetyenziswe njengendlela yokukhuthaza ukusekwa kwemikhwa yokucoceka, impilo, ukucoceka, ukhuseleko, umyalelo, njl. Ikwasetyenziselwa ukukhuthaza izimo zengqondo ukuzithemba, umsebenzi, inzame, ukuqonda, njl. 

Ipowusta yokuchwetheza

Ipowusta yokuchwetheza ayikho enye into ngaphandle kwenkcazo ebesikubonise yona ngaphambili, kodwa songeza ukuba, nangona inolwazi olupheleleyo, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ekuphela kwento ethatha indawo ephambili kukuchwetheza.

Apha sikubonisa ezinye iipowusta, ezinefonti ezaziwayo kakhulu kwicandelo loyilo lwegraphic.

Iiposta ezinobumba

Baskerville

Isiphumo sokuphucula uhlobo lokubhala oluyilwe ngu UWilliam calon. Ukwandisa umahluko phakathi kweentonga ezincinci kunye nezibanzi, ukwenza i-serifs ibe bukhali, i-curved sticks more rounded, kunye neempawu eziqhelekileyo. Isiphumo yaba kukufundeka okukhulu, olona phawu lusezantsi lwesuti yenkunzi ye-Q kunye neeserif zamagama abhalwe bukekela.

I-Didot

Yayilwa ngu Firmin Didot ngowe-1783. Ngelo xesha nakwiminyaka eli-100, amalungu ahlukahlukeneyo entsapho yakwaDidot asebenza eParis njengabayili, abanye bekwangabashicileli, abachwethezi, ababhali okanye abaqambi. Ngomnyaka we-1800 babeneyona ndawo ibalulekileyo yaseFransi. UPierre Didot washicilela iincwadi ezinefonti eziyilwe ngumntakwabo uFirmin.

Isitayile esitsha saseRoma sanamhlanje

I-Didot typeface ichaze iimpawu zesitayile esitsha sanamhlanje saseRoma kunye noxinzelelo oluthe nkqo olugqithisileyo, umahluko omkhulu phakathi kweentonga ezishinyeneyo nezibhityileyo kunye neeserif zayo ezithe tye nezicolekileyo zinika inkangeleko ecace kakhulu nentle. Impumelelo yayo yaba luhlobo lwaseFransi nomgangatho wesizwe wopapasho lwesiFrentshi. Yayiyi-typeface eyayisetyenziswa nguGiambattista Bodoni ukwenza eyakhe iRoma e-Itali, kwaye nangona zifana kakhulu enye kwenye, le yokugqibela idlulisela ubungqongqo kunye nokuqina ngelixa iDidot intle kwaye ishushu.

Yasetyenziselwa ukushicilela iBhayibhile yesiLatini ngowe-1785 kunye neDiscours de Bossuet ngowe-1786. Kwiminyaka elandelayo uDidot wawandisa umahluko wohlobo lwakhe aze abe kuphela komntu kwimbali yokuchwetheza okrola intsapho yohlobo lwefonti ngokunyuswa kwesiqingatha sengongoma. .

Igunya lokuchwetheza

Olu hlobo lumenza igunya lokuchwetheza eFransi kwaye ngenxa yoko uNapoleon Bonaparte umisela umlawuli we-Imperial Foundry, isikhundla aya kubamba de kube sekufeni kwakhe ngo-1836. Uhlobo lwangoku lweFirmin Didot luba, kuhlobo lwaseFransi nakwi umgangatho wesizwe woshicilelo lwesiFrentshi, kwaye nangona oku kwamkelwa kwakungekho jikelele enyanisweni nanamhlanje iimpapasho ezininzi zilandela imodeli ye-Didot.

bodoni

Uhlobo oluphambili lochwethezo ngaphakathi kwesitayile sanamhlanje esavela ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-300 kwaye imele isiphelo seminyaka engama-1740 yokuvela kohlobo lwaseRoma. Umyili wayo, uGiambattista Bodoni (Parma, 1813-XNUMX) wabizwa ngokuba nguKumkani wabashicileli ngenxa yomgangatho ogqwesileyo weempapasho zakhe.

Impumelelo yokuchwetheza

Iintlelo zeBodoni zibe nempumelelo kakhulu ngenxa yomgangatho wazo obalaseleyo, kusetyenziswa imizobo etyebileyo kunye nohlobo oluhle lokubhala. Amalungu ezihandiba zaseYurophu, abaqokeleli nabaphengululi babezithanda iincwadi zakhe awayezixube ngokwakhe i-inki, esebenzisa elona phepha likumgangatho ophezulu, amaphepha ayilwe kakuhle, waza waziprinta waza wazidibanisa kakuhle.

Malunga ne-1798 i-Bodoni yela uhlobo olunomahluko omkhulu kwimivumbo kunye neeserif ezibhityileyo ezithetha uguqulo kuluntu lokuchwetheza kwaye yayiyindawo yokuqala ebizwa ngokuba yi-typefaces "yangoku".

Okwangoku, ngaphezu kwama-25.000 amanqindi okuqala agcinwe kwingqokelela yeMyuziyam yaseBodoni eParma (eItali).

ilizwe 93

Uyilo nguHerbert Bayer

Iprototype yolu chwethezo wayilwa nguHerbert Bayer, unjingalwazi kwisikolo esidumileyo saseBauhaus eDessau, eJamani, ngowe-1925 kwiinzame zakhe zokuyila umatshini wokubhala weUniversal.

Uyilo lwayo luphendula kwiinkolelo kunye nesimbo sesikolo, ifuna ukusebenza ekupheliseni izinto, ishiya i-typography kwimbonakalo yayo yokuqala.

Uhlengahlengiso ngo-1975

Edgard benguiat kunye UVictor caruso baphinda babhala kwakhona i-typeface ngo-1975 kwi-ITC. Umphumo waba ngunobumba owenziwe ngeemilo zejometri, elula kakhulu kwaye i-monotonous, ebonisa isimbo sexesha kodwa engazange iphumelele uvavanyo lwexesha, ukulahlekelwa yindalo yonke kunye nenjongo enenjongo yayo.
Ingasetyenziselwa ukuyila okukhumbuza i-20 kunye nexesha le-Art Deco kunye nemigca elula.

INew Courier

Uyilo nguHoward Bud Kettler we-IBM

Howard Bud Kettler wenze uyilo lokuqala. Ngo-1955 i-IBM yamyalela ukuba enze uhlobo oluthile lokuchwetheza koomatshini bayo abatsha beeofisi. Kuba inkampani isilele ukubhalisa amalungelo okukopisha akhethekileyo, i-typeface yasasazeka ngokukhawuleza, ibe ngumgangatho kwishishini lokuchwetheza.

Adrian Frutiger uyilo ngokutsha

UAdrian frutiger I-IBM Selectric yaphinda yazoba lo matshini wokuchwetheza uthotho lomatshini wokuchwetheza wombane, ngokwenza iCourier New. endaweni yayo yi-12 pt Times New Roman. Izizathu zolo tshintsho zibandakanya injongo "yokuphucula" ukubonakala kunye "nokuphucula ukufundeka" kwamaxwebhu abo.

Isiphelo

Njengoko usenokuba ubonile, zininzi iziyilo ezifumaneka kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo, leyo, namhlanje yeyona isetyenziswa kakhulu ngabayili begraphic.

Kuyathakazelisa ukwazi ukuba, nangona benganxibelelani naluphi na ulwazi olufanelekileyo, baluncedo kakhulu ekuboniseni iinkomfa okanye upapasho malunga nefonti ebonisiweyo. Kwizikolo ezininzi zokuyila, ezi ntlobo zeepowusta ziyaqhubeka ziyilwa, kuba ubuninzi bokubaluleka buhlala buqhotyoshelwe kuyilo lwefonti ekhethiweyo.

Ngesi sizathu, siyakukhuthaza ukuba ukhethe enye yeefonti esikubonise yona, okanye wenze uphando lobuqu kwisikhangeli sakho, kwaye uqalise ukuyila kwaye uzivumele ukuba uthatyathwe kuyilo lohlobo ngalunye lohlobo, yongeza umbala kwipowusta yakho kwaye yizalise ngobomi. Nje ukuba unayo, yenza nje ukwakheka okulungileyo kwaye ubonise igama lochwethezo lwakho kwipowusta.

Icacile kwaye ilula.

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