Umbala uyindawo yonke into esinokuthi siyibone ngamehlo emhlabeni, into eyiliweyo kubaqulunqi abaninzi iba lukhetho olunomdla. Ukuba uyakhumbula ngokuya kwakho esikolweni, ubunokufumana imibala emithathu "yaseprayimari": Bomvu, Mthubi, noBlue. Sonke safundiswa ukuba nawuphi na umbala unokwenziwa ngokudibanisa le mibala mithathu ngokwamaxabiso ahlukeneyo.
Kuyavela ukuba oku akulunganga kwaphela (nangona kunjalo kusenokwenzeka ngokwaneleyo ukuba kufundiswe abantwana abaneminyaka emihlanu kwihlabathi liphela).
Umbala wenziwe njani
Ukuqonda ukuba umbala wenziwe njani kwaye, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, ubudlelwane phakathi kwemibala eyahlukeneyo, kunokukunceda ukuba usebenzise umbala ngokufanelekileyo ngakumbi kuyilo lwakho.
Isikolo iBauhaus sakuqonda oku kwii-XNUMXs kunye nee-XNUMXs, kwaye saqhubeka ukuphuhlisa Iithiyori zemibala zivusa iimeko ezithile kunye neemvakalelo ngokukhetha umbala wemibala kuyilo nakwizakhiwo.
Ithiyori yemibala luqeqesho olususela kude ngaphaya kweBauhaus, ubuncinci kude kube yinkulungwane yeshumi elinesihlanu, kwaye kubandakanya ifiziksi, chemistry, kunye nemathematics ukucacisa ngokupheleleyo nokucacisa iikhonsepthi. Nangona kunjalo, okuninzi koku akuyomfuneko ukuze usebenzise umbala ngokufanelekileyo. Eli nqaku lifutshane liya kukunika isishwankathelo esisebenzayo sayo yonke imiba ebalulekileyo ukukunceda ukuba uqale uthathe izigqibo unolwazi.
Iinkqubo zemibala
Zimbini iinkqubo zemibala ephambili, iindlela zokuvelisa umbala kwakhona: ukongeza kunye nokukhupha (ikwabizwa ngokuba kukuboniswa). Sisebenzisa zombini yonke imihla - iscreen ofunda kuso eli nqaku sisebenzisa umbala ongezelelweyo ukuvelisa yonke imibala oyibonayo, ngelixa incwadi oyifundayo isebenzisa umbala othabathayo kwikhava yayo.
Ngamagama alula- nantoni na ekhupha ukukhanya (njengelanga, isikrini, iprojektha, njl. Njl.) Isebenzisa isongezo, ngelixa yonke enye into (ebonisa ukukhanya endaweni yayo) isebenzisa umbala othabathayo.
- Ukongeza: Umbala owongeziweyo usebenza ngayo nayiphi na into ekhupha okanye ekhupha ukukhanya. Ukudibanisa ubude beemitha ezahlukeneyo zokukhanya kudala imibala eyahlukileyo, kwaye kokukhona ukongeza ukukhanya, ukukhanya kuya kukhanya ngakumbi.
Xa usebenzisa umbala owongeziweyo, sihlala sicinga ngemibala yebhloko yokwakha (ephambili) njengoBomvu, Luhlaza, noBlue (RGB), kwaye esi sisiseko sayo yonke imibala esetyenzisiweyo kwimiboniso. Kwimibala eyongeziweyo, umhlophe kukudityaniswa kombala, ngelixa umnyama kukungabikho kombala.
Imibala yeRGB
- Ukukhupha: umbala othabathayo usebenza ngokukhanya okubonisiweyo. Endaweni yokutyhala ukukhanya ngakumbi, indlela ibala elithile elibonisa ubungakanani obuhlukeneyo bamaza okukhanya omisela umbala obonakalayo kwiliso lomntu.
Umbala othabathayo, njengokongeza, unemibala emithathu ephambili: i-cyan, magenta, kunye nephuzi (i-CMY). Ngombala othabathayo, umhlophe kukungabikho kombala, ngelixa mnyama kukudityaniswa kombala., kodwa yinkqubo engafezekanga.
I-pigment esinayo ayifaki ngokupheleleyo ukukhanya (ukuthintela ubude bembala yombala obonakalisiweyo), ngoko ke kufuneka sidibanise i-pigment yesine yokuhlawulela ukuze siqwalasele lo mda.
Le pigment yesine imnyama, eyongeza i-inki yesine, emva koko siyazi umbala othabathayo njenge-CMYK. Ngaphandle kolu hlobo longezelelekileyo, eyona nto ikufutshane esinokufikelela emnyama xa sishicilelweyo ibiya kuba ngumdaka ofana nodaka.
Imibala ye-CMYK
Ivili lombala
Ukwenza ukuba kube lula ukubona ubudlelwane phakathi kwemibala eyahlukeneyo, umxholo wevili lemibala yanamhlanje waphuhliswa malunga ne-XNUMXth century. La mavili okuqala alanda imibala eyahlukeneyo yokuqala ejikeleze isangqa, exuba imibala eyahlukeneyo kunye kunye nemilinganiselo engqongqo yokufezekisa imibala yesibini kunye neyesithathu.
Ivili lombala Ikuvumela ukuba ubone ngokujonga nje ukuba yeyiphi imibala ehambelana (enye nenye ivili), ifana (ecaleni kwelinye ivili) kunye nobathathu (imibala emithathu ibekwe kwii-120 degrees kwivili ukusuka komnye komnye.
Obu budlelwane bunokuvelisa indibaniselwano yemibala emnandi. Kukho ubudlelwane obuninzi obuninzi phakathi kwemibala ngokusekelwe kwindawo yabo kwivili. Izixhobo ezinje ngeAdobe Kuler zinokukunceda uvelise iiphalethi zombala ezifanelekileyo.