Imigangatho yesayizi yephepha inayo yabakho ngokwahlukileyo ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo njengamazwe ahlukeneyo. Kwaye nangona namhlanje kukho umgangatho wamazwe aphesheya, singaya kumazwe ahlukeneyo kwiplanethi yethu ukufumana uluhlu olwahlukileyo lobungakanani bephepha "njengeleta" yelizwe elinokuba ngamazwe aseMelika, njengoko sinokuthi ngamanye afana nePhilippines.
Gcina ukhumbula ukuba ubungakanani bephepha buchaphazela iphepha zokubhala, zokubhala, amakhadi kunye nezinye iintlobo zamaxwebhu aprintiweyo. Phakathi kwala maphepha ubukhulu ngumgangatho wamazwe apheleleyo oquka uluhlu lwe-C lwe-ISO 269. Njenge-ISO 269, i-ISO 216 ikhankanya umgangatho wamazwe ngamazwe wobungakanani bamaphepha asetyenziswa kumazwe amaninzi emhlabeni, nangona singabeka izinto ezinje ngeCanada, iUnited. Amazwe, iMexico kunye neRiphabhlikhi yaseDominican.
Ubungakanani kuthotho A
Imilinganiselo yoluhlu lweesayizi zephepha, ezichazwe ngumgangatho we-ISO 216, zezi inikwe kwitheyibhile engezantsi kunye nomzobo zombini kwiimilimitha kunye nee-intshi. Ukuba sifuna imilinganiselo ngeesentimitha, inokufumaneka ngokwahlula ixabiso leemilimitha nge-10.
Itshathi yobungakanani bephepha le-A inikezela nge imbonakalo ebonakalayo yokuba ubukhulu bunxibelelana njani. Umzekelo olula yi-A5 nesiqingatha sephepha ubungakanani be-A4, ngelixa i-A2 iyakuba sisiqingatha se-A1. Ngale ndlela sinokubuqonda ngcono ubungakanani kwaye senze ukuba sibaqonde ukuba basebenzise le siyifunayo kuzo zonke iintlobo zeenjongo.
Zezi imilinganiselo nganye yobukhulu:
- Ubungakanani be-4A0: 1682 x 2378 mm.
- 2A0: 1189 x 1682 mm.
- A0: 841 x 1189mm.
- A1: 594 x 841mm.
- A2: 420 x 594mm.
- A3: 297 x 420mm.
- A4: 210 x 297mm.
- A5: 148 x 210mm.
- A6: 105 x 148mm.
- A7: 74 x 105mm.
- A8: 52 x 74mm.
- A9: 37 x 52mm.
- A10: 26 x 37mm.
Ubungakanani obukhulu kune-A0, 4A0 kunye ne-2A0 abuchazwanga nge-ISO 216, nangona ewe zisetyenziselwa amaphepha amakhulu. Ezi fomati zisekwe kwi-DIN 476 esemgangathweni yaseJamani, eyayisisiseko sayo i-ISO 216.
Obu bungakanani zisetyenziswa kuzo zonke iindawo zehlabathi eziza kubandakanya iUnited States, Canada kunye neendawo zaseMexico. Ubungakanani be-A4 sele buyeyona migangatho yoonobumba kumazwe apho usazi kakuhle isiNgesi. EYurophu isetyenziswe kwakhona ukususela phakathi kwekhulu lama-XNUMX.
IPhepha B
Ubungakanani boluhlu lwephepha le-B nalo zichazwe yi-ISO 216 kwaye uyibona ngokugqibeleleyo indlela echazwa ngayo, zombini ngeesentimitha kunye nee-intshi kumfanekiso ongezantsi:
Ubungakanani zezi:
- Ubungakanani B0: 1000 x 1414 mm.
- B1: 707 x 1000mm.
- B2: 500 x 707mm.
- B3: 353 x 500mm.
- B4: 250 x 353mm.
- B5: 176 x 250mm.
- B6: 125 x 176mm.
- B7: 88 x 125mm.
- B8: 62 x 88mm.
- B9: 44 x 62mm.
- B10: 31 x 44mm.
Olu hlobo lothotho B lwalukhona zenziwe ngenjongo yokubonelela ngobukhulu bephepha ezazingagutyungelwanga ngothotho A, kodwa zisebenzisa isalathiso se-1: roo2. Ubungakanani B buchazwe ngokobungakanani B (inombolo), kuba intsingiselo yejiyometri ka-A (inombolo) kunye nobungakanani A (inombolo-1).
Le nkqubo inenjongo ukunceda ukwanda nokuncitshiswa kwamaxwebhu apho ukwandiswa ukusuka ku-A kuye ku-B kuyafana no-B kuye ku-A.
Kukho inani lokwahluka kubungakanani obungasikelwanga B kunye no-B2 + kunye no-B1XL. Azichazwanga yi-ISO kwaye zibakho kwiimfuno ezithile zeshishini. Ubukhulu bayo zezi:
- I-B1XL: 750 x 1050 mm.
- B2 +: 530 x 750 mm.
IPhepha C
Njengalo manqaku mabini, siyabonisaImilinganiselo ngeesentimitha kunye nee-intshi zobukhulu Yothotho C lweemvulophu. Umzobo ubonakalisa ubungakanani bento nganye xa ithelekiswa nephepha le-A4. Ubungakanani beemvulophu zaseMelika naseMntla Melika azigutyungelwanga yi-ISO 2016.
Ubungakanani zezi:
- C0: 917 x 1297 mm.
- C1: 648 x 917 mm.
- C2: 458 x 648 mm.
- C3: 324 x 458 mm.
- C4: 229 x 324 mm.
- C5: 229 x 324 mm.
- C6: 114 x 162 mm.
- C7: 81 x 114 mm.
- C8: 57 x 81 mm.
- C9: 40 x 57 mm.
- C10: 28 x 40 mm.
Ubungakanani beemvulophu C zi ichazwa yintsingiselo yejiyometri yobukhulu A no-B ngamanani afanayo. Ubukhulu be-C4 yintsingiselo yejiyometri ye-A4 kunye ne-B4. Ukucaca, intsingiselo yejiyometri yeseti yamanani angqinelanayo yingcambu yeNth yemveliso yezinto ze-N. Izibalo ezincinci azikhathazi.
Into evelisayo bubungakanani phakathi kwezi zimbini zifumanayo ileta gcina iphepha elingu-A elilinganayo, ke unobumba u-C4 ugqibelele kwiphepha le-A4 elityhiliweyo
Kwimifanekiso engezantsi ungayifumana Umahluko koonobumba C4, C5 no-C6 xa kuthelekiswa nobungakanani be-A4. Kumfanekiso wokuqala sinonobumba ongu-C4 onokuthi uqulathe iphepha elingu-A4, ileta engu-C5 enokuqulatha u-A4 usongwe kwisiqingatha kunye nonobumba u-C6 onokuthi ube ne-A4 esongelwe kwisiqingatha esiphindwe kabini, esiya kuba liphepha elingu-A6.
Ngoku sinokuqonda ngcono kuba ubungakanani bamakhadi bubhekisa kubungakanani efanayo kwiA4, A5 kunye neA6.
Ubungakanani boonobumba DL
Enye yezona zinto zisetyenziswayo Iileta zeshishini yifomathi ye-DL engangeni phantsi kobukhulu bechungechunge lwe-C, njengoko inenxalenye eyahlukileyo yomlinganiso. Le fomathi yavela eJamani kwiminyaka ye-20 kwaye yaziwa ngokuba yi-DIN lang. Obu bungakanani buchazwa yimigangatho ye-ISO kubungakanani beeleta.
Imilinganiselo ye Ileta ye-DL zii-110 x 220 mm Kwaye ndiza kubamba iphepha elingu-A4 elisongiweyo libe ngamacandelo amathathu alinganayo afana namacala alo amafutshane.
Ubungakanani bephepha laseMelika
Intshona Melika, ebandakanya i-United States, Canada kunye ne-Mexico indawo ekuphela kwayo yehlabathi lokuqala engasebenzisi mgangatho we-ISO 216. Basebenzisa ezi ntlobo zobukhulu:
- Ileta yesiqingatha: 140 x 216 mm.
- Ileta: 216 x 279 mm.
- Ezomthetho: 216 x 356 mm.
- Umthetho kaJunior: 127 x 203 mm.
- Itabloid: 279 x 432 mm.
Kufuneka ikhankanywe ukuba Ubungakanani be-A4 bulingana neleta yaseMelika, ukuze sikwazi ukwenza ubudlelwane obulula. Yayiyi-ANSI (IZiko leMigangatho yeSizwe laseMelika) elalichaza uthotho lobungakanani bephepha ngokusekwe kwifomathi yoonobumba, ngothotho lweenkcukacha ezisusela kubungakanani A, B, C, D no-E.
Obu bubungakanani babo:
- W: 216 x 279mm.
- B: 279 x 432mm.
- Ubukhulu: 432 x 559 mm.
- Ubukhulu: 559 x 864 mm
- E: 864 x 1118mm.
Kwakhona ubungakanani B + bufakiwe enemilinganiselo engama-329 x 483 mm. Olunye ubungakanani ngamaphepha ayiliweyo anee-4: 3 okanye 3: 2 Ezi zii-ratios ezifanayo nezo zisetyenziswa kwizikrini zekhompyuter.
Ubungakanani bephephandaba
Amaphephandaba ebe ishicilelwe ngobukhulu obahlukeneyo nge 'Broadsheet' esemgangathweni esekwe kwi-600 x 750 mm. Eli gama livela kumaphepha abodwa ezopolitiko kunye neebhaladi ezithengiswa ezitalatweni, ezazithandwa kakhulu emva kokuba iNgilani inyanzelise irhafu kumaphephandaba phaya ngo-1712. Sijongene nobukhulu obuya buba buncinci.
IBerliner lolunye ubungakanani bephephandaba kwaye ngama-315 x 470mm. Ifomathi esetyenziswa ngamaphephandaba eYurophu. Sikwanobungakanani betheyibhile ezingama-280 x 430mm kwaye ezibhekisa kumbindi weSpredishithi. Ibali lakhe iya kwikota yobuntatheli yekota ehambelana namabali abe mancinci, afundeka lula.