Kwiminyaka eyadlulayo, omnye wemisebenzi xa ubuya ekhefini, unomhla wokuzalwa, okanye iKrisimesi yayiphelile yayikukuya kwivenkile yokufota ukuze uphuhlise iifoto kwaye ubone ukuba ziphume njani na. Uninzi lwazo lwenziwe ngokomlinganiselo oqhelekileyo, oko kukuthi, zonke zilingana. Kodwa nabanye ubudla ngokukhetha ubungakanani obahlukeneyo beefoto ukuqaqambisa, kakuhle kuba ubuza kubabeka, baxhome njengomzobo, njl.
Ngoku oku kusenziwa, nangona asisaxhomekeke kwiikhamera zefilimu, kodwa idijithali, kwaye zombini ifomati yophuhliso kunye nobukhulu beefoto zitshintshile. Ngaba uyafuna ukwazi ukuba yimalini? Ungaphoswa yile nto sithetha ngayo ngezantsi.
Iifomathi zophuhliso, zingaphi?
Into yokuqala ekufuneka uyazi ngayo iifomathi zophuhliso lwezithombe kukuba kukho ezininzi ezahlukeneyo, kwaye zahlukahlukene. Ezi zihambelana ngokusondeleyo neefomathi zeefoto zephepha, okanye ngamanye amazwi, ubukhulu beefoto. Ke, izityhilelo onokuzifumana zezi:
Ifomathi yesiko
Ihambelana nomlinganiselo we-3/2, owaziwa ngokuba yimifanekiso yesilivere. Kule meko, ukuba umlinganiselo we-3/2 uguqulela njengobubanzi be-negative ibe sisibini kwisithathu sobude bayo.
Kutheni kusithiwa sisiNtu? Ewe, kuba yeyona isetyenziswa kakhulu. Nangona ixesha elithile ngoku, kunye neteknoloji entsha, bambalwa kwaye bambalwa abantu abanobuganga bokuphuhlisa iifoto into abayenzayo kwiselula yabo, kwaye bakhetha ukuyigcina kuyo, okanye bayidlulisele kwikhompyuter, kwaye ubabone kuyo.
Yintoni abanye abayenzayo kukusebenzisa izixhobo ezifana nezakhelo zeefoto zedijithali njengomzobo, kuba zinokucwangciswa ukuze, rhoqo x ixesha, ifoto iyatshintsha ngaphandle kokwenza oko ngesandla.
Ifomathi yefoto yedijithali
Enye ifomathi yophuhliso esetyenziswa kakhulu yile isetyenziselwa iifoto zedijithali. Ekuqaleni, ezi zaziyilelwe ukuba zijongwe kwiscreen sefowuni ephathwayo, ikhompyutha okanye umabonwakude, kodwa ekuhambeni kwexesha abaninzi baye bafuna ukuba nezi foto ephepheni.
Kule meko, Umlinganiselo ngu 4/3, oko kukuthi, ububanzi buhlulwe kwiindawo ezi-4 ezilinganayo ngelixa ubude buziindawo ezi-3.
Xa ushicilela iifoto zedijithali, kufuneka ugcine engqondweni ukuba okukhona isisombululo siphezulu, umgangatho ongcono weefoto ziya kuba. Sithetha malunga ne-300 dpi. Ingxaki kukuba oku kunokuthetha ubunzima obukhulu kwiifoto, ezithi ngamanye amaxesha zingaxhaswanga ngezinye izixhobo.
Ubungakanani beefoto, zithini?
Xa ucinga ngeefoto, into eqhelekileyo kukuba ucinga ngezo onazo kwifowuni yakho, kodwa ngaphambi kokuba iifoto zibe nomzimba wenyama, kwaye uninzi lwazo zazinobungakanani obuqhelekileyo, 10x15cm, obububukhulu obuqhelekileyo xa bebeza kubaphuhlisa..
Kodwa, ngaba uyazi ukuba kukho iisayizi ezininzi zeefoto? Ezi ngokusisiseko zibhekisa kwiisentimitha ezinokuzilinganisa, zombini ububanzi nobude. Nasiphi na ifoto "inokuprintwa" ngobukhulu obuhlukeneyo, ukusuka komncinci ukuya kweyona inkulu.
Zingaphi iifoto ezikhoyo?
Ukudwelisa zonke iisayizi zeefoto akuyi kuba yinto ekruqulayo kuphela, kodwa isiphithiphithi esipheleleyo. Ekugqibeleni ubungazukwazi ngabanintsi kwaye ubungagqibela sele ukhethe ezidibana nawe ungazi nokuba yeyona ilungileyo na okanye hayi.
Ngokubanzi, sinokukuxelela oko ubungakanani obuqhelekileyo kunye nobuninzi obusetyenziswayo Zizo zilandelayo:
- 4 × 4 cm (ikhadi)
- 9 x 13 cm
- 10 x 14 cm
- 10 x 15 cm (oku mhlawumbi yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo xa uphuhlisa iifoto, kuba isayizi yeposikhadi)
- 11 x 15 cm
- 11 x 17 cm
- 13 x 17 cm
- 13 x 18 cm
- 13 x 20 cm
- 15 x 20 cm
- 18 x 24 cm
- 18 x 26 cm
- 20 x 25 cm
- 20 x 27 cm
- 20 x 30 cm
- 22 x 30 cm
- 24 x 30 cm
- 30 x 40 cm
- 30 x 45 cm
Ngoku, ngaphaya kobukhulu kukho okuninzi, nangona ngamanye amaxesha abashicileli abakhethekileyo bayafuneka abanokuvelisa ushicilelo olukhulu.
Ngaba isisombululo kunye neemegapixels zichaphazela umgangatho weefoto?
Olunye uloyiko olukhulu, ngakumbi kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, yayikukuba iikhamera ezineemegapixel ezimbalwa zathatha iifoto ezimbi ngakumbi kunezo zinokuninzi. Kodwa inyaniso kukuba, nangona imfazwe eyayikho phakathi kwabavelisi, inyaniso kukuba Esona sisombululo sisezantsi sivelise iifoto ezikumgangatho ophezulu, nokuba ukwandisa.
Ngoku, oku akuthethi ukuba ungathenga nayiphi na ikhamera ye-megapixel ephantsi okanye ifowuni ephathwayo ukuze ufumane iifoto ezikumgangatho ophezulu kakhulu.
Kuya kufuneka uqale uthathe ingqalelo isisombululo sekhamera, obu bubungakanani bomfanekiso okwazi ukubufumana. Umzekelo, ukuba ikhamera ithi 24MPx, oko kuthetha ukuba yonke imifanekiso oyithathayo nayo iya kuba nee-pixels ezingama-24 ezigidi. Ke ngoko, kokukhona onako, kokukhona ungcono. Okanye hayi. Kulapho iiseli zefensensensens zenzwa khona. Aba ngabo abakhathalela ukwamkela ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi kwamanqanaba okukhanya, oko ke kubonelela ngeefoto ezingcono.
Bobuphi ubukhulu beefoto bokuprinta?
Ngokuxhomekeke kwisisombululo somfanekiso (obonakaliswe kwiipixels) kunye nesisombululo somshicileli (oboniswe kwi-dpi), kukho Ifomula ekuvumela ukuba wazi ukuba yintoni eyona sayizi yoshicilelo lwefoto.
Ngokubanzi, eyona nto ifanelekileyo yokwenza umsebenzi wegraphic kukuba ifoto ibe nesisombululo se-300 dpi kwaye, ukuba ifomati enkulu, ibe yi-600 dpi. Abashicileli esinabo ekhaya, i-inkjet, phantse basoloko benesisombululo se-300 dpi, esenza bakwazi ukuprinta iifoto.
I-equation, ukuze wazi ukuba yintoni na ubukhulu besayizi yeefoto onokuziprinta, yile ilandelayo:
Ubude (cm) Obona bukhulu ubukhulu = 2,54 x inani lamachaphaza (pixels) / isisombululo se-dpi
Oku akuthethi ukuba umfanekiso omkhulu awunakuprintwa, kodwa umgangatho wawo unokuhla. Kwaye oko kuyabonakala ngokubonakalayo, okuya kuyenza ibonakale imfiliba ngakumbi okanye nokuba imibala ayiyi kwahlulwa kakuhle.
Ngaba imiba yefomathi yophuhliso kunye nobukhulu beefoto zicacile kuwe?