Kwiminyaka eyadlulayo, omnye wemisebenzi xa ubuya eholideyini, unomhla wokuzalwa, okanye uphelisa iKrisimesi yayikukuya kwivenkile yeefoto ukuyokukhulisa iifoto kwaye ubone ukuba zinjani. Uninzi lwazo lwasiwa kubungakanani obuqhelekileyo, oko kukuthi, bonke babelingana. Kodwa nabanye ubukhetha ubungakanani obahlukeneyo beefoto ukuqaqambisa, kakuhle kuba ubuza kubabeka, baxhome njengomzobo, njl.
Ngoku oku kusenziwa, nangona singasayi kuxhomekeka kwiikhamera zefilimu, kodwa ezidijithali, kwaye zombini ifomathi yophuhliso kunye nobukhulu bezithombe zahlukile. Ngaba uyafuna ukwazi ukuba ingakanani? Ungaphoswa yinto esithetha ngayo ngokulandelayo.
Index
Iifomathi zophuhliso, zingaphi ezikhoyo?
Into yokuqala ekufuneka uyazi ngayo iifomathi zophuhliso lwezithombe kukuba zininzi ezahlukeneyo, kwaye zahlukile. Oku kunxulumene ngokusondeleyo neefomathi zephepha, okanye yintoni efanayo, ubungakanani beefoto. Ke, okutyhilekileyo onokukufumana zezi:
Ifomathi yesiko
Iyahambelana nomyinge we-3/2, owaziwa njengefoto yesilivere. Kule meko, lo mlinganiso u-3/2 uguqula njengobubanzi bezinto ezingalunganga zibe sisibini esithathwini sobude bawo.
Kutheni kusithiwa yeyesintu nje? Ewe, kuba yeyona isetyenziswa kakhulu. Nangona ixesha elithile ngoku, kunye netekhnoloji entsha, bambalwa kwaye bambalwa abanobuganga bokukhulisa iifoto abazenzayo kwiselfowuni, kwaye bakhetha ukuzigcina kuyo, okanye bazigqithisele kwikhompyuter, kwaye ubabone kuyo.
Abanye, into abayenzayo kukusebenzisa izixhobo ezinje ngeefoto zedijithali njengomfanekiso, kuba zinokucwangciswa ukuze, ngalo lonke ixesha x, ifoto itshintshe ngaphandle kokwenza ngesandla.
Ifomathi yefoto yedijithali
Enye yeefomati eziphuhlisayo ezisetyenziswa ngakumbi nangakumbi yile isetyenziselwa iifoto zedijithali. Ekuqaleni, ezi zazinokujongwa ukuba zijongwe kwiselfowuni, ikhompyuter okanye isikrini sikamabonwakude, kodwa ekuhambeni kwexesha uninzi luye lwafuna ukuba nezi foto ephepheni.
Kule meko, Umlinganiselo ngu-4/3, oko kukuthi, ububanzi buhlukaniswe baba ziinxalenye ezi-4 ezilinganayo ngelixa ukuphakama kuyizahlulo ezi-3.
Xa ushicilela iifoto zedijithali, gcinani engqondweni ukuba ukuphakama kwesisombululo, kungcono umgangatho weefoto. Sithetha nge-300 dpi. Ingxaki kukuba oku kunokuthetha ubunzima obukhulu kwiifoto, ngamanye amaxesha, ezingasekelwanga zizixhobo ezithile.
Ubungakanani beefoto, zithini?
Xa ucinga ngeefoto, into eqhelekileyo yile, okanye ucinga ngezo onazo kwiselfowuni yakho, kodwa ngaphambi kokuba iifoto zinomzimba wenyama, kwaye uninzi lwazo lunobungakanani obuqhelekileyo, i-10x15cm, eyayiqhelekile xa zaziza kuziphuhlisa.
Kodwa, ngaba uyazi ukuba zininzi ubukhulu beefoto? Oku ngokusisiseko kubhekisa kwiisentimitha ezinokulinganisa, zombini ububanzi nobude. Nawuphi na umfanekiso "unokuprintwa" ngobukhulu obahlukeneyo, ukusuka kwelona lincinci ukuya kwelona likhulu.
Zingaphi iifoto ezikhoyo?
Ukudwelisa bonke ubungakanani beefoto akuyi kuba yindinisa kuphela, kodwa isiphithiphithi esipheleleyo. Ekugqibeleni ubungazi ngamanani amaninzi kwaye ungagqiba ukhethe ezo zivakala ngathi ungazi nokuba yeyona ilungileyo okanye hayi.
Ngokubanzi, sinokukuxelela oko oqhelekileyo kunye nobukhulu obuqhelekileyo busetyenziswa Zizo zilandelayo:
- 4 × 4 cm (ikhadi)
- 9 x 13 cm
- 10 x 14 cm
- I-10 x 15 cm (le yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo xa usenza iifoto, kuba bubungakanani beposikhadi)
- 11 x 15 cm
- 11 x 17 cm
- 13 x 17 cm
- 13 x 18 cm
- 13 x 20 cm
- 15 x 20 cm
- 18 x 24 cm
- 18 x 26 cm
- 20 x 25 cm
- 20 x 27 cm
- 20 x 30 cm
- 22 x 30 cm
- 24 x 30 cm
- 30 x 40 cm
- 30 x 45 cm
Nangona kunjalo, ngaphaya kobu bungakanani baninzi, nangona ngamanye amaxesha kufuneka iiprinta ezizodwa ezinokuthi zenze iiprinta ezinkulu.
Ngaba isisombululo kunye nee-megapixels zinempembelelo kumgangatho weefoto?
Olunye loloyiko olukhulu, ngakumbi kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, yayikukuba iikhamera ezinee-megapixels ezimbalwa zithathe iifoto ezibi kunalezo zininzi. Kodwa inyani kukuba, ngaphandle kwemfazwe eyayikhona phakathi kwabavelisi, inyani yile Esona sisombululo sisezantsi sivelise iifoto ezikumgangatho ophezulu, nokuba ukwandisa.
Ngoku, oku akuthethi ukuba ungathenga nayiphi na ikhamera okanye nasiphi na iselfowuni esisezantsi sokufumana iifoto ezikowona mgangatho uphezulu.
Kuya kufuneka uqale uthathe ingqalelo isisombululo sekhamera, obu bubungakanani bomfanekiso okwazi ukubufumana. Umzekelo, ukuba ikhamera ithi 24MPx, oko kuthetha ukuba yonke imifanekiso oyithathayo nayo iya kuba nee-pixels ezingama-24 ezigidi. Ke ngoko, kokukhona onako, kokukhona ungcono. Okanye hayi. Kulapho iiseli zefensensensens zenzwa khona. Aba ngabo abakhathalela ukwamkela ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi kwamanqanaba okukhanya, oko ke kubonelela ngeefoto ezingcono.
Bobuphi ubukhulu beefoto bokuprinta?
Kuxhomekeke kwisisombululo somfanekiso (kuboniswe kwiiphikseli) kunye nokusonjululwa komshicileli (kuboniswe kwi-dpi), kukho ifomula ekuvumela ukuba wazi ukuba loluphi ubungakanani obuphezulu bokuprinta ifoto.
Ngokubanzi, eyona nto ifanelekileyo ngomsebenzi wegraphic kukuba ifoto inesisombululo se-dpi ezingama-300 kwaye, ukuba yifomathi enkulu, ukuba ingu-600 dpi. Iiprinta esinazo ekhaya, iiprinta ze-inkjet, phantse zihlala zinesisombululo se-300 dpi, ebenza bakwazi ukuprinta iifoto.
Inxaki, ukuze wazi ukuba bobuphi ubukhulu beefoto oza kuziprinta, zezi zilandelayo:
Ubude (cm) Ubungakanani obukhulu = 2,54 x inani lamachaphaza (iipikseli) / isisombululo se-dpi
Oku akuthethi ukuba umfanekiso omkhulu awunakuprintwa, kodwa umgangatho womfanekiso unokuwohloka. Kwaye oko kuyabonakala ngokubonakalayo, okuya kwenza ukuba kubonakale kufiphele ngakumbi okanye imibala ayibonakali kakuhle.
Ngaba imiba yefomathi yophuhliso kunye nobukhulu beefoto zicacile kuwe?
Yiba ngowokuqala ukuphawula