A yau akwai fasahohi masu inganci don sarrafawa da shirya hotuna, kodayake, idan muka yi nazarin takaddun aikin da ya zo gabanmu, a sauƙaƙe muna iya tantance ko an sarrafa shi ko kuma an shirya shi ta hanyar na dijital. Kodayake akwai alamomi da yawa waɗanda ake amfani dasu don nazarin hotunan, a yau na raba muku uku ma'asumi dabaru don gano karya hotuna.
Abin takaici, akwai wasu cikakkun bayanai waɗanda ko dai ba za'a iya magance su ba, ko kuma idan zasu iya, gabaɗaya ana yin watsi dasu saboda rashin kulawa ko rashin sani. Wadannan abubuwan da aka fada sune fitilu na yau da kullun, kallo da kuma nazarin alamu.
Haskakawa: Hasken wuta na sihiri kamar yadda yake faɗi
Wuta ita ce mafi faɗin abin da ke wanzuwa saboda a cikin lamura da yawa ba shi yiwuwa a sarrafa shi kuma a cikin wasu ana yin watsi da shi ta mai zanen. Akwai yankuna da yawa da wannan hasken zai iya bayyana ko kuma tunanin da suke da wuyar magani kamar gashi ko idanu sun bayyana. A zahiri, kallon yana ɗaya daga cikin alamun amintattu waɗanda suke wanzuwa don tabbatar da gaskiya ko ba hoto ba kuma yana da matukar amfani musamman idan muka fuskanci haɗakar ƙungiya kuma mai saukin sakewa. Muna magana ne game da fitilu na musamman, waɗanda sune waɗanda suke bayyana a cikin idanu, suna ba mu cikakken bayani game da wuri da asalin asalin hasken. Akwai wani abu bayyananne da zamu iya fitarwa daga waɗannan fitilun: Idan mai ba da labarinmu ya motsa dangane da tushen haske haskakawa zai yi hakan kuma misali idan halinmu ya koma dama abin da dubansa zai yi a cikin kishiyar shugabanci, ma'anarsa zuwa hagu. Anan akwai misali mai kyau (hoton da aka buga a cikin mujallar) wanda ta hanyar bincika yanayin halayen halayen mu zamu iya fahimtar cewa ɗaukar hoto ne kuma zamu iya tabbatar dashi da cikakkiyar amincewa.
Kamar yadda kake gani, tunani yana bayyana daidaitacce dangane da kyamara. Don samun daidaituwa ta hoto, duk fitilun fitilu ya kamata su bayyana a yanki ɗaya na kowace ido tunda suna cikin yanayi iri ɗaya dangane da tushen haske. (Don akwai bambance-bambance a cikin fitilun keɓaɓɓen kowannensu, ya zama akwai tazara babba tsakanin su duka). A wannan yanayin, yayin da duban babban halayen da wanda ke yankin dama suna da haske na musamman wanda ya yi daidai da na halin a yankin hagu, hakan ba ya bayyana cewa an haɗa wannan ta ƙirar tare da duka biyun.
Tunani kan abubuwa da mutane suna ba mu bayanai masu yawa kuma wannan ya dogara ne da yanayin da kuma nisan. Lokacin da duk abubuwa da haruffa suke da tunani iri ɗaya, to akwai damar da ba za a sake ba, duk da haka idan ba'a mutunta wannan ba muna fuskantar magudi na dijital. A cikin wannan misali na biyu mun sami babban ragi a matakin haske a kowane ɗayan haruffa. Idan muka lura da haske daga fitilar za mu ga cewa tana haskakawa ta taga da kuma a cikin gado mai matasai, amma duk da haka ba ta yin hakan a cikin gashin yara (sai dai na cikin yankin tsakiyar). Ba ma samun tunanin sarakuna a cikin taga kuma mun ga yadda hannun Juan, wanda ke riƙe da 'yar'uwarsa, ya ɓace.
Kallo da yanayin kamara
Wani kyakkyawan ra'ayi don gano hoton da aka sake sanya shi shine iris. Wannan sashin ido yana bayyana zagaye lokacin da yake tsakiyar idanun, amma yayin da yake motsawa waje yakan fara bayyana a cikin sifar tsinin ido. Lokacin da ido ya kalli kyamarar kuma baya cikin cibiyar hadawa, dole ne ya gabatar da tsari mai kamannin ellipse, a yanayin da hakan bai faru ba zamu fuskanci hoton da aka sarrafa shi.
Alamu da maimaitawa
Wani lokaci ya isa bincika cikakken abubuwan da suka ƙunshi abun. Musamman a cikin hotunan abubuwan da suka faru na taro ko kuma inda adadi mai yawa na mutane ko abubuwa suka bayyana, yawanci ana amfani da cloning a matsayin albarkatun tausa. Wannan dabarar ta kunshi bangarori biyu na hotonmu don kirkirar abin sha'awa kuma abin takaici ana amfani dashi don dalilan siyasa don sarrafa tunanin mutum game da wasu ayyuka. Ga misali: A wurin wani taron siyasa a Indiya wanda mutane kalilan suka halarta, anyi amfani da dabarar don "siyar" nasara a taron ga ra'ayin jama'a kuma don haka ya ba da ƙarfi ga ɗan siyasar da ake magana a kai. Wannan ya zama bayyananne a gare mu yanzu, a lokuta da yawa ba a lura da shi. Bayan haka na bar muku misali inda aka sanya wuraren da ke da launi iri iri tare da launuka.
