Launi wani yanki ne na komai na duk abin da zamu iya gani a cikin duniya, wani abu wanda ga yawancin masu zane-zane ya zama zaɓin ilhama. Idan ka tuna lokacin da ka tafi makaranta, tabbas ka samu launuka uku na "firamare": Ja, Rawaya, da Shuɗi. An koya mana duka cewa kowane launi ana iya ƙirƙirar shi ta hanyar haɗuwa da waɗannan launuka uku daban-daban.
Ya nuna cewa wannan ba gaba ɗaya daidai bane (kodayake har yanzu yana da amfani sosai a makaranta don a koya wa yara masu shekaru biyar a duniya).
Yadda ake kafa launi
Fahimtar yadda ake ƙirƙirar launi kuma, mafi mahimmanci, alaƙar tsakanin launuka daban-daban, na iya taimaka muku amfani da launi yadda yakamata a cikin zane.
Makarantar Bauhaus ta fahimci wannan a cikin XNUMXs da XNUMXs, kuma ta ci gaba da haɓaka ka'idojin launi don tayar da yanayi da motsin rai na musamman ta hanyar zabi na launuka masu launi a cikin zane da gine-gine.
Ka'idar launuka horo ne wanda ya faro nesa da Bauhaus, aƙalla har zuwa karni na goma sha biyar, kuma ya ƙunshi kimiyyar lissafi, ilmin sunadarai, da lissafi don cikakke ma'ana da bayanin abubuwan da aka fahimta. Koyaya, yawancin wannan ba dole bane don amfani da launi yadda yakamata. Wannan ɗan gajeren labarin zai ba ku cikakken hangen nesa game da dukkan mahimman fannoni don taimaka muku fara yanke shawara mai ma'ana.
Tsarin launi
Akwai tsarin launuka biyu na farko, hanyoyi wanda ake haifar da launi: ƙari da ragi (wanda kuma aka sani da tunani). Muna amfani dasu duka a kullun - allon da kake karanta wannan labarin akan amfani da launi mai ƙara don ƙirƙirar dukkan launuka da ka gani, yayin da littafin da kake karantawa yayi amfani da launi mai ragi don murfinsa.
A cikin sauƙaƙan kalmomi - duk wani abu da ke fitar da haske (kamar rana, allo, majigi, da sauransu) suna amfani da ƙari, yayin da duk wani abu (wanda ke nuna haske a maimakon haka) yana amfani da launi mai ragi.
- Ƙari: ƙari launi yana aiki tare da duk wani abu da ke haskakawa ko haskaka haske. Hadawa da tsawon nisan haske yana haifar da launuka daban-daban, kuma da karin haske da kuke karawa, launi zai kara haske da sauki.
Lokacin amfani da launi mai ƙari, zamuyi tunanin tubalin gini (na farko) kamar Red, Green, and Blue (RGB), kuma wannan shine asalin duk launin da aka yi amfani dashi a cikin nuni. A cikin launi mai ƙari, fari shine haɗin launi, yayin baƙar fata shine rashin launi.
Launuka RGB
- Raba launi mai rahusa yana aiki bisa hasken haske. Maimakon tura ƙarin haske, yadda wata launin launin fata ke nuna nisan haske daban-daban yana ƙayyade launin fata ga idanun mutum.
Subarancin yanki, kamar ƙari, yana da launuka uku na farko: cyan, magenta, da rawaya (CMY). A cikin launi mai ragi, fari shine rashin launi, yayin da baƙi shine haɗin launi., amma tsarin ajizi ne.
Abubuwan launukan da muke da su ba sa ɗaukar haske gaba ɗaya (guje wa tsayin igiyar launukan da aka nuna), don haka dole ne mu ƙara launuka na huɗu don biyan wannan iyakance.
Wannan launi na huɗu baƙar fata ne, wanda ya daɗa tawada ta huɗu, sannan kuma mun san launi mai ratse kamar CMYK. Idan ba tare da wannan ƙarin launin ba, mafi kusancin da za mu iya zuwa baki a rubuce zai zama launin ruwan kasa ne mai laka.
CMYK launuka
Dabaran launi
Don sauƙaƙa ganin alaƙar da ke tsakanin launuka daban-daban, manufar kerarru mai launi ta zamani ta ɓullo a wajajen ƙarni na XNUMX. Waɗannan ƙafafun farkon sun gano launuka daban-daban na firamare kewaye da da'ira, suna haɗuwa da launuka na farko daban-daban a cikin tsaka-tsaka don cimma launuka na sakandare da na jami'a.
Dabaran launi ba ka damar gani a kalle waɗanne launuka ne masu haɗawa (gaba da juna a kan keken), daidai yake (kusa da juna a kan dabaran) da kuma triadic (launuka uku sun sanya digiri 120 akan keken daga juna.
Kowane ɗayan waɗannan alaƙar na iya samar da haɗin launi mai daɗi. Akwai alaƙa da yawa masu kyau tsakanin launuka dangane da matsayin su akan keken. Kayan aiki kamar Adobe Kuler na iya taimaka muku ƙirƙirar palettes masu launi masu tasiri.