Mafi kyawun Hanyoyi don Yankan Hoto a cikin Adobe Photoshop allywarewa

Tabbatacce ne cewa ɗayan ɗayan aiki mai banƙyama da kaucewa don mai zane mai zane shine hakar asalin da abubuwan. Koyaya, bari na fada muku cewa wannan matsalar ba komai bane face tatsuniya. Tare da gagarumin sauyin da gyaran softwares ya gudana, ma'amala da waɗannan ayyukan zai zama da sauƙi ƙwarai da gaske kuma za mu iya samun 100% sakamakon sana'a babu buƙatar fada cikin masu ciyar da kai.

Batu ne wanda mukayi magana akai sau da yawa a cikin shafin namu, amma, a yau zamuyi magana game da menene mafi kyawun zabi don yin ƙwararrun masu fa'ida da hakarwa a cikin rikodin lokaci. A cikin wannan maxi-koyawa zamuyi nazari akan wadanne sune mahimman abubuwa da kayan aiki masu ban sha'awa waɗanda yake ba mu Adobe Photoshop don yin hakar:

Amfani da buroshi kusa da abin rufe fuska

Idan wannan madadin yana da halaye na wani abu, babu shakka saboda shine wannan more 'yanci Yana ba mu kuma wannan an sanya shi azaman zaɓi kamar kayan aikin gogewa. Gabaɗaya, kayan aikin da zamu iya samu a cikin Adobe Photoshop don yin ƙididdigar daidai da yankewa ana amfani da su ta hanyar kayan aikin da ke da wasu iyakoki. Misali, polygonal lasso, wanda za mu gani a gaba, yana ba mu damar yin zaɓuka da yankewa koyaushe suna bin shugabanci a cikin tsarin layi. Wannan kayan aikin yana aiki daga matakan anga, don haka da zarar mun ƙirƙiri zaɓinmu zamu sami sararin sararin gyara da ya rage. Hakanan muna da kayan aikin Lasso, amma wannan yana buƙatar sauƙi mai sauƙi don yin yanke daidai (tare da wannan kayan aikin ana ba da shawarar sosai cewa muyi amfani da kwamfutar hannu mai hoto).

Koyaya, duka kayan kwalliyar da kayan goge suna ba mu kayan aikin da za mu iya ƙirƙirar zaɓe da yanke tare da cikakken 'yanci na sarari da na lokaci, saboda koyaushe muna iya canza fasalin zaɓinmu a duk lokacin da muke so. Batun da watakila waɗannan hanyoyin suke da shi shine buƙatar mafi sauƙi yayin amfani da manunin mu tare da linzamin kwamfuta ko kwamfutar hannu mai hoto.

Ina ba da shawarar cewa duk lokacin da muka zaɓi kowane ɗayan waɗannan zaɓuɓɓukan za mu yi ƙoƙari mu sami kwamfutar hannu a hannu tunda ƙungiyoyin da ke ciki za su zama na gaske, mai sauƙin sarrafawa da kuma kayan aiki. Daga wannan hanyar ta farko zamu samo hanya don samar da sakamako madaidaici a cikin yankewa. Abin da za mu cimma daga abin rufe fuska shine ikon sanya yankuna ko abubuwan da muke buƙata a cikin hotunanmu bayyane ko ganuwa. Ta wannan hanyar zamu kasance inganta yanke kai tsaye kai tsaye kuma menene mafi kyau tare da tazarar aminci.

Lokacin da muka ci gaba da yin shirin mu (sabanin abin da yake faruwa da sauran hanyoyin) ta amfani da abin rufe fuska ba za mu "rasa" yankin da kuka yanke ba, amma ta hanyar ɓoye shi ne kawai za mu iya mayar da shi da kuma shirya shi a kowane lokaci. Akwai shawara mai mahimmanci don la'akari, kuma wannan shine cewa dole ne muyi amfani da wanda yafi dacewa da yankin aikin tsakanin kayan aikin da ake dasu. Ana ba da shawarar sosai cewa mu zaɓi ƙaramin goga saboda ta wannan hanyar rabuwa da gyara zai zama daidai.

Waɗanne matakai zaku bi don aiwatar da wannan hanyar? Suna da sauqi!

• Zaɓin kayan aiki buroshi (Hakanan zaka iya samun damar ta daga umarnin B daga mabuɗinku).

• A gaba dole ne mu je zuwa Layer ɗin da muke son yin aiki sannan kuma danna maɓallin ɓoye Layer, "Addara abin rufe fuska" wanda yake zaune dama a ƙasan menu ɗin mu ko paletin fayel.

• A lokacin da muka kirkiro abin rufe fuskar mu zamu gano cewa zamu iya sanya kanmu ko dai a kan layin kanta ko kuma kai tsaye game da abin rufe fuska da muka kirkira. Don gyara kamannin hotonmu da ci gaba da yanke shi, dole ne mu yi aiki a kan abin rufe fuskarmu, saboda za mu rufe fuskokinmu (kowane ɗayan abubuwan da muke ganin sun dace don kar a gan su).

• Akwai lambar launi Zamu ci gaba da fadawa Photoshop wuraren da muke son boyewa kuma wanne daga cikin su muke son nunawa. Za mu yi wasa da launuka na gaba da na baya. Kowane lokaci da muke aiki tare da launin gabanmu ta hanyar zaɓar baƙar fata, za mu nuna cewa muna so mu rufe ko ɓoye wurin abin da muke shafawa a ciki wanda muke zanawa da burushi. In ba haka ba, idan muka yi amfani da fari a matsayin launi na gaba, za mu gaya wa Photoshop cewa muna so mu nuna wuraren da muke zana goga a kanmu ko kuma mu ba da bugun goga.

Madaurin polygonal

Kafin mu ambaci wannan kayan aikin, kuma ba kasafai ake samun hakan ba. A ganina, bayan madadin abin rufe fuska, wannan shine kayan aikin da zai bamu babban 'yanci na motsi da daidaito. Tabbas kun tuna cewa lokacin da kuka fara amfani da wannan aikace-aikacen ban mamaki, madaidaicin polygonal wani abu ne kamar Allah wanda ya cece ku a cikin mawuyacin lokacin gyara yayin da kuke buƙata cire siffofi masu rikitarwa kuma suyi ci gaba. Kuma wannan shine, don zama mai ma'ana, wannan ya kasance a farkonsa kayan aiki mafi kyawun zaɓi a cikin jauhari a cikin rawanin shirye-shiryen wallafe-wallafe. Aikinta yana da sauƙin gaske, kawai zamu zaɓi shi daga aljihun kayan aikinmu ko daga umarnin L akan maɓallin mu sannan mu matsa kan hotonmu ta danna kan abubuwan da zasu sanya zaɓinmu. Lokacin da kuka ba da ma'anar farko kuma kuka motsa tare da linzamin ku zaku ga cewa layi ya bayyana kuma lokacin da kuka yi magana ta biyu zaku gano cewa an ƙirƙiri layin haɗawa tsakanin maki biyu wanda zai zama iyakar zaɓin da muke ƙirƙirarwa . Kamar yadda kake gani, hanyarsa tana da sauƙin sauƙi kuma an sauƙaƙa shi cikin sauƙi kaɗa.

Koyaya, yana da matukar mahimmanci ku tuna cewa akwai wasu dabaru da zasu iya sauƙaƙa aikinku lokacin da kuke aiki tare da Polygonal Lasso:

• Ka tuna cewa ta wannan madadin zamu iya ƙirƙirar madaidaiciyar layuka waɗanda zasu taimaka mana cimma daidaiton da ake buƙata. Zamu iya samun cikakkiyar madaidaiciyar madaidaiciyar layin iyakokinmu ta maɓallin Motsi. Tabbas zamu iya yin amfani da masu mulki da kayan aikin jagora daga menu na Duba mu a cikin yankin na sama.

• A gefe guda, zaku iya bincika cewa zamu iya canzawa tsakanin kayan aikin Polygonal Lasso (L) da kayan aikin «gama gari» Lasso daga maɓallin Alt (idan kuna amfani da mac zai zama maɓallin zaɓi) a lokaci guda da muke danna maɓallin dama na allon mu. Ana ba da shawarar wannan dabarar idan kun kasance cikakke sosai tare da linzamin kwamfuta ko fensir ɗin ku, idan ba haka ba, Ina ba ku shawarar da ku yi ƙoƙari kada ku canza tsakanin hanyoyin biyu saboda da alama zaɓinku zai zama wani abu da ba shi da yawa.

• A cikin waɗannan kayan aikin lasso, mun sami na uku, wanda shine madaurin magnetic, kodayake wannan zaɓin ba shi da ƙarancin shawarar kuma za a ba da shawarar ne kawai don hotunan da ke gabatar da ma'anoni masu girma da ƙayyadaddun iyakancewa duka a launi da haske.

• Lokacin da kuka ƙirƙiri zaɓinku tare da ɗayan waɗannan kayan aikin, zaku gano cewa zaɓi ya bayyana a yankin na sama Fasa. Yana da mahimmanci mu saita wannan siga zuwa pixels 0 kuma mu kunna zaɓi mai santsi. Ta wannan hanyar yanke zai zama mafi na halitta.

Sihirin sihiri

Daga cikin shahararrun kayan aikin zabi da aka samo a cikin Adobe Photoshop, sandar sihiri ce. Koyaya, bari na fada muku haka Amfani da shi yana da karfin gwiwa a cikin babban lokaci. Dalilin kuwa mai sauki ne. An tsara wannan kayan aikin don ƙirƙirar zaɓuɓɓuka daga latsawa mai sauƙi kuma dangane da sifofin chromatic. Don haka, waɗancan yankuna waɗanda suka ƙunshi harshe ɗaya za a haɗa su cikin zaɓin daga dannawa.

Za ku riga kun fahimci menene raunin maki da wannan zaɓin ya samar mana kuma shine lokacin da muke aiki tare da hotuna masu inganci, tabbas tabbas yankuna ne suka tsara shi suna cike da manyan launuka iri-iri. Ka tuna cewa mai yiwuwa a inda idanunmu suka fahimci launi iri ɗaya, akwai yiwuwar an rubuta adadin sautuna a ciki. Wannan shine abin da ke faruwa, misali, tare da sama. Akwai hotuna da yawa waɗanda ke gabatar da manyan yankuna masu launin shuɗi a cikin sama, duk da haka yayin aiki tare da waɗannan nau'ikan kayan aikin zaɓin mun gano cewa abin da ya yi kama da shuɗi madaidaiciya kuma mai kama da juna ya haƙiƙance da shuɗin shuɗi.

Wannan shine dalilin da yasa koyaushe samun ingantaccen zaɓi zai zama mafi wahala tare da kayan aikin sihiri saboda gradients a bayyane suke kuma akwai canje-canje masu yawa a gefunan hotunan da abubuwan da suke waɗannan hotunan. Tabbataccen ma'anar wannan kayan aikin shine cewa yana bamu damar sauya yanayin ƙwarewar da wand ɗinmu zai samu yayin zaɓar launuka. Yana da abin da muka sani a matsayin Haƙuri, ƙimar da take a yankin sama kuma zamu iya gyara da hannu. Ana ba da shawarar ku gwada wannan ƙimar sau da yawa a wurare daban-daban na hotonku don tabbatar da wane haƙuri ne ya fi dacewa da ƙudurin hotonku.

Tare da babban haƙuri abin da za mu ce ga aikace-aikacenmu shi ne cewa a cikin yankin da ke sama da hotonmu muna so mu haɗa da shuɗin shuɗin da muke dannawa da ma duk waɗancan sautunan da suke kusa da yanayin kitsonsa. Sannan zamu hada da haske mai haske da duhu. Koyaya, wannan ƙimar zata iya aiki akan ku saboda tana iya zaɓar wuraren da ba'a so. Ka tuna cewa akwai ganyen bishiya a waccan sama kuma suna da kore, da alama akwai yiwuwar suma an zaɓi su tare da babban haƙuri. Don haka zaka iya cire wasu yankuna fiye da yadda kuke buƙata.

Ina ba da shawarar amfani da wannan madadin tare da hotunan da suke da bambancin chromatically kuma suna da Babban Maana. Hakanan cewa zaku canza wannan kayan aikin tare da kayan aikin masks na Layer. Wannan hanyar zaku iya adana ɗan lokaci kuma ku sami madaidaiciyar yanke a hanya mai sauri.

Zaka iya samun damar sandar sihiri daga kayan aiki ko daga umurta W daga madanninku. Hakanan ana ba da shawarar sosai mu kunna zaɓi mai laushi wanda ya bayyana a cikin ƙananan yanki saboda ta wannan hanyar za mu sami damar yin zaɓe mai ma'ana da hankali.

Amfani da launi gamut zaɓi

Ba daidaituwa ba ne cewa na bar waɗannan kayan aikin biyu kusa da ƙarshen, kuma dukansu suna kama da juna ta yadda za su iya yin tasiri sosai matuƙar za a cika jerin yanayi. Hakanan kuma a cikin sandar sihirinmu yana da matukar muhimmanci cewa muna aiki hotuna masu banbanci sosai haka abin yake don madadin Gamut Color. Wannan zaɓi ne mai sauri sosai kuma ana iya haɗa shi tare da sauran zaɓuɓɓukan da muke gabatarwa a yau. Abin da zamu yi shine ɗaukar samfurin bayanai a matakin launi wanda ke wanzuwa cikin hotonmu kuma.

Aikin wannan kayan aiki mai sauki ne kuma mai sauƙin fahimta:

• Abinda ya kamata muyi shine danna maballin Motsi na madanninmu a lokaci guda da muke wucewa ta linzamin kwamfuta cikin launukan da «ke hana mu» ko kuma muna son cirewa daga hotonmu. Idan muka koma ga misalin da ya gabata, shuɗin samaniya a matsayin bango.
• Tare da mabuɗin Shift muna yin odar Software ɗinmu don haɗawa da sabbin sautuna a zaɓinmu, amma kuma za mu iya yin oda kishiyar daga mabuɗin alt (ko zaɓi akan Mac) Duk lokacin da muka danna shi, za mu yi magana da Adobe Photoshop cewa ba ma son a haɗa wasu tabarau a zaɓinmu.

Don cimma daidaitattun zaɓuɓɓuka ana ba da shawarar mu mai da hankali kan wurin ƙungiyoyin launuka. Ba za mu je menu na Zaɓi ba kuma za mu zaɓi Zaɓin Gamut na Launi ... sannan kuma kashe zaɓi na Groupungiyoyin Launi Na Gida. Kamar yadda muka yi tare da kayan aikin sihiri na sihiri, yana da matukar mahimmanci mu koyi yin wasa da kuma tsarawa tare da zaɓin haƙuri don samun kyakkyawan sakamako a kowane hoto.

Kayan aikin alkalami

Kodayake gaskiya ne cewa alkalami (P) wataƙila shine mafi kyawun zaɓi wanda Adobe Photoshop ya gabatar mana saboda iyawarsa ta kwatankwacin lanƙwuren abubuwan da suka haɗu da hotonmu, kuma gaskiya ne cewa yana da hankali sosai kuma yana buƙatar wasu dabaru. Wannan shine zaɓin da masu zane ke amfani dashi sau da yawa waɗanda suke aiki a matakin ƙwararru kuma suke ƙoƙari don samun cikakken sakamako. a cikin cirewa da yankan. Tsarin da alkalami ke aiki a ciki hanyoyin da aka sanya ta hanyar ƙirƙirar maki. Babban mahimmancin wannan kayan aikin shine cewa yana bamu damar sauya kayan aiki gabaɗaya kuma zamu ga cewa yayin aiki akan layin da muka ƙirƙira, zai fara karkata ne dangane da motsin da muke haɗawa cikin hanyarmu kuma daga angarenmu maki. Da zarar mun san wannan zamu iya fara aiki akan ƙarin shimfidu masu rikitarwa. Kayan alkalami yana da dabaru guda biyu wadanda suke da matukar mahimmanci a gare mu muyi la akari da shi saboda godiya gare su zamu adana lokaci sosai kuma zamu iya sarrafa tasirin kayan aikin mu akan abun:

• Da zarar mun ƙirƙiri kuma mun ayyana matsayin anga maki daga zaɓinmu za mu iya yin wasa tare da su ɗayan ɗayan, muna gyara abubuwan haɗin su. Don wannan ba za mu buƙaci fiye da danna maɓallin Ctrl ɗinmu (ko Umurni a kan Mac ba) sannan kuma matsa siginan mu don tantance sabon matsayi na maɓallin mu.

• Hakanan zamu iya gyara kowane lokaci da kowane wuri na hanyarmu karkatacciyar hanya sakamakon. Don wannan kawai zamu danna maɓallin Alt (ko zaɓi a kan Mac) kuma muyi wasa tare da maɓallin mu don canza ikon ikon faɗin abin da aka faɗi.

• Zamu iya samun damar duk wata hanyar da muka kirkira tare da alkalamin mu a cikin abubuwan da muka tsara (ba tare da la’akari da yawan hanyoyin da muka kirkira ba) daga hanyoyin hanyoyin. Waɗannan hanyoyin ana adana su ta hanya mai kama da launuka waɗanda suka haɗa aikinmu kuma ana iya canza su ta hanya mai sauƙi. Don amfani da duk waɗannan zaɓukan za mu kawai danna maɓallin «Load hanya azaman zaɓi»Don canza tsarin mu na kwanan nan zuwa zaɓi na shirye don amfani kuma cire abun ciki daga abun da muke ciki.

Kayan Fage na Fage

Ni kaina nayi imanin hakan shine ɗayan tauraruwa don amfani da Adobe Photoshop, saboda godiya ga wannan lu'ulu'u, babu abin da zai iya tsayawa a gare ku idan ya zo ga yin hakar, komai ƙwarewarta kuma ba tare da la'akari da matakin ku a matsayin mai zane ba. Wannan gem ɗin yana ba mu damar cire duk wani asali a zahiri kuma kodayake yana aiki ta hanyar yin samfuran launi iri ɗaya kamar yadda sihirin sihiri ko zaɓin kewayon launi zai iya yi, yana aiki daga mai nunawa Ta wannan hanyar, yana daidaitawa a cikin wannan madadin 'yancin aiwatarwa wanda goga ya bamu tare da abin rufe fuska da yiwuwar aiki daga bayanan chromatic na hotonmu. Wannan manunin yana da ikon adana yawan abin da muke son cirewa da kuma kawar da shi daga wuraren da linzaminmu yake. Wannan zai bar wuraren da muke son kiyayewa gaba ɗaya kuma zaiyi aiki ne kawai akan waɗanda muke son sharewa.

Hakanan yana ba mu damar tsara tasirin goga daga yanayin haƙuri kuma gyara girman burushinmu. Tabbas, dole ne muyi atisaye da yawa don gujewa cewa yankin da za'a kiyaye shi ya ɓace cikin kuskure. Ayyukanta na da sauƙin gaske:

• A cikin paletin palonku, dole ne ku zaɓi layin da kuke son yankewa kuma ya ƙunshi wuraren da kuke son cirewa.

• Jeka akwatin kayan aiki ka zabi kayan aikin tsara kudi. Kuna cikin rukunin rukuni.

• Danna samfurin goge a cikin sandunan zaɓuɓɓuka na sama kuma ayyana kaddarorin da kuke son burushi ya ƙunsa.

• Zaɓi yanayin da kuke son sharewa na baya ya faru:
  • Modo goge iyaka:
    • Idan muka zaba ba mai rikitarwa ba za a goge launin da aka zana a duk lokacin da ya bayyana a ƙarƙashin burushi.
    • Idan maimakon haka mun zabi zabin dab da za a cire wuraren da suka kunshi wancan launi kuma suna hade da juna.
    • Zaɓin Nemo Gefen Zai ba mu damar share wuraren haɗin da ke ƙunshe da launi da muke son kawarwa kuma yana kiyaye iyakokin fom ɗin da muke aiki da shi yadda ya kamata.
  • Zaɓi ƙimar mafi dacewa don aiki tare da haƙuri. Wannan bayanan zasu bambanta dangane da abin da muke aiki akai.
  • Zaɓi samfurin zaɓi don daidaita yadda gogenmu zaiyi aiki:
    • Idan muka zabi ci gaba, za a ci gaba da yin samfuran a duk lokacin da muka ja burushi.
    • Zaɓin zarar shine cikakke don cire kawai yankunan da ke ƙunshe da launi da muka latsa asali.
    • Samfurin bayanan baya: Zai yi aiki ne kawai tare da waɗancan yankunan da suka ƙunshi launin bango da muka zaɓa.

• Mataki na gaba zai zama jan duk yankin da muke son sharewa.