A lokuta da yawa mun raba muku wasu zaɓuɓɓuka na alamun tambari masu motsawa kuma mun rinjayi aikin tsara tambarin kamfanoni da hotuna a lokuta da yawa. Kodayake zane da fasaha abubuwa ne daban-daban, gaskiya ne cewa duka rassa suna da hanyoyin haɗin da ba za a iya musantawa ba kuma hakan babu makawa suna ciyarwa. A saboda wannan dalili, Ina so in yi nazarin wasu daga waɗannan haɗin a cikin sabon jerin labaran da za mu danganta mahimman hanyoyin fasaha da suka dace a kwanakin nan tare da ƙirar tambari.
Ina so in fara wannan na musamman tare da makarantar wakilci mai girma, Bauhaus wanda ke nuna kyakkyawar alaƙar da ke tsakanin duniyar fasaha da zane-zane.
Etymologically, Bauhaus na nufin "gidan gini" kuma dukda cewa galibi makarantar koyon fasaha ce, gaskiyar magana itace ta haɗu da wasu fannoni daban daban kamar su gine-gine da zane. Asalinsa ya faro ne daga shekara ta 1919 a cikin Jamus kuma zamu iya cewa mahaifinsa shine mai tsara ginin Walter Gropius. Ba makarantar karatu ba ce amma akasin haka ta tsaya har ta kai ga masana da yawa sun ɗauke ta mafi kyawun makarantar fasaha da zane na karni na XNUMX. Bayan Babban Yaƙin Gropius na farko ya tashi don haɓaka sabuwar makarantar fasaha da fasaha ta jama'a. Babban mahimmancin wannan aikin, kuma hakan ya sami babban alheri ga zane zane a hanya, shine a haɗa da makarantun fasaha da fasaha a ciki. Wannan ya zama juyi a dukkan matakai tunda a matakan zamantakewar al'umma ya dakile kowane irin banbanci tsakanin manyan mutane biyu a duniyar fasaha: ta mai zane da kuma ta mai sana'a. Daidaita adadi biyu a matakin daya, zane mai zane zai kasance tun daga lokacin zuwa wani salon kere kere mai kimanta daraja da daraja kamar zane ko sassaka. Duk wannan yana nufin cewa tun daga farko ya haifar da babban tasiri a fagen fasaha kuma koyaushe yana cikin muhawara da rikice-rikice. Gaskiyar ita ce, babu wata shakka cewa tushen da makarantarmu ta samar yana buƙata, musamman maimaita shi a matakin tarihi da zamantakewar al'umma, babban ƙarfin hali daga duk waɗannan magabatan. Bugu da kari, hanyoyin aikin da suka yi amfani da su na zamani ne kuma sun sake inganta hanyar fahimtar kowane fannonin da abin ya shafa, wani abu da ya ja hankulan bangaren ilimi da koyarwa kuma ya haifar da gamayyar malamai da daliban da ke cikin wannan halin da ake ciki na yawaitar tsaurara matakai. Tare da Gropius sun kasance daga farkon adadi na girman Paul Klee, Vassily Kandinsky, mai zanen da mai zane Oskar Schlemmer, ko mai zane da mai daukar hoto Moholy-Nagy; a takaice, wasu daga cikin sabbin kere-keren fasaha na lokacin.
Daga ina La Bauhaus ya fito kuma waɗanne abubuwa ne ke fasalta shi?
An kafa halin namu na yau a Weimar, Jamus kuma muna iya cewa fiye da cibiyar karatu ko yanayin ilimi ya zama falsafa ko hanyar rayuwa, sarrafawa don ƙetare iyakokin da aka sanyawa al'umma a wancan lokacin. Ya ba da wasu kamanceceniya tare da bayanan Art Deco kuma ya kasance tushe bayyananniya don bayyanar ƙaramar hanya (tuna cewa ƙarshen ya fito ne bayan Yaƙin Duniya na II) tun daga cikin manyan halayensa da layin ci gabanta shine tunanin azanci. Masu zane-zanenmu sun ɗauki tsarin ƙirƙirawa daga wani birni wanda yayi ƙoƙari ya kawar da duk waɗannan abubuwan abubuwa masu ƙima don cimma bazuwar ƙirar a cikin mafi mahimman abubuwanta. A ƙasa za mu ga a mafi mahimmancin hoto waɗannan misalai sun dace da ƙirar tambari da hoto da ainihin kamfani.
Takaddun kamfanoni da ƙirar tambari
Daga hangen nesa, Bauhaus ya haɗa da cikin shawarwarinsa wasu layuka na aiki kwatankwacin waɗanda Constan Rukunin Kiristocin Rasha ke amfani da su waɗanda suma suka sha daga sauki da ƙarfin hali yayin gabatar da shawarwari. Sakamakon aikinsa ya kasance mai sauƙin haɗuwa da jama'a saboda ƙarancin kayan kwalliya da sauƙi, na mugunta kuma a lokaci guda kyakkyawa ɓangare. A matakin chromatic mun sami launuka da jeri waɗanda ke da wakilci sosai, suna nuna launuka ja da launuka baƙi. Kodayake waɗannan zaɓuɓɓukan biyu suna da wakilci sosai, gaskiyar ita ce kowane launi da yake da tsabta mai tsabta kuma ya kasance wani ɓangare na keɓaɓɓen abu mai sassauƙa kuma ya yi aiki sosai a matsayin gano wannan motsi. A cikin fim din kuma akwai tasiri kuma kyakkyawan tunani game da wannan shine fina-finan Wes Anderson, musamman ma Los Tenenbaums, inda akwai alamar amfani da nau'in Futura, rubutun da duk da cewa ba a ƙirƙira shi a Bauhaus Ee ba, an inganta ta a lokaci guda kuma tana da ma'anoni masu ma'ana gami da kyawawan kayan ado na yau da kullun.
Kamar yadda wataƙila kuka lura da duk waɗannan sifofin, waɗanda aka fahimta sosai a ƙarƙashin daidaitaccen ƙaramar hanya, har yanzu ana iya samun su a cikin ƙirar zamani, kasancewar kyawawan misalai Taboo na Taboo da tambarin Axion.