Chii chinonzi brutalist design?

Kune madhizaini anoyerwa neavo abstract psychology, kune mamwe anoyerwa nekuumbwa kwakanaka uye kugoverwa kwezvinhu zvegraphic. Kune mamwe ayo, kune rumwe rutivi, anowanzo kuve ane yakawanda boom nekuda kwekusaenzana kunoratidzwa muchiitiko.

Kwemakumi emakore, dhizaini yave iri imwe yeanonyanya kushoropodzwa maitiro ehunyanzvi. Chiitiko ichi chakaita kuti vagadziri vakawanda vasaremekedze dhizaini yakakwana kana anti-dhizaini yakakwana. Mune ino positi tinokuratidza kuti ndeipi imwe yemamwe mafungu ausingazive uye akaremerwa nezvimiro, mavara uye mataurirwo asinganzwisisike munhu wese.

Takatanga.

Brutalist Dhizaini: Chii?

Iyo hutsinye dhizaini kana zvakare inonzi hutsinye, inotsanangurwa semhando yekufamba kwekunaka uye ine mamwe mabasa uye inosangana nezvinotarisirwa, nokudaro zita uye rinotsanangurwa seutilitarian.

Kuti iwe unzwisise zviri nani izvi zvakati wandei zvazvino, chinangwa chayo chikuru ndechekuwana anti-kushongedza chiratidzo chedhizaini uye inofumura uye inozviratidza mukuda kwezvinhu zvakashandiswa kugadzira magadzirirwo. Uye zvechokwadi uchashamisika kuti ndeipi maitiro aaive aine mukurumbira, nekuti Zvamazvirokwazvo zvaive mukuvakwa kwema1950 kusvika kuma1970. Izvo vashoma vasingazive ndezvekuti ikozvino yamuka kubva mukati mayo uye yaenda kuhutachiona muchikamu chemazuva ano chedhijitari yedhizaini.

Uye nei ichikosheswa zvakanyanya nhasi?Zvakanaka, nekuti ndiyo imwe yemhepo yanyanya kukwezva pfungwa dzevaoni vayo. Inoburitsa izvo zvinodiwa kuti ukwanise kuzvisiyanisa kubva kune vamwe uye izvo inoita kuti ive inotonhora uye yakaoma maitiro.

Mhando huru

Hunhu hwehutsinye hunowanzo onekwa, chokwadi ichi chinoita kuti chive chimiro chakasiyana uye chakaoma kutevedzera. Kusiyana nemamwe, mafungu ehunyanzvi anga achiitika zvinoenderana neakaatangira. Muhutsinye vanga vachipfuura nemusvikiro rimwe vachienda kune rimwe. Ngatitangei:

• Kuratidzwa kwezvinhu: ine maitiro ayo, ayo ekuvaka, uye haana hukama neinternet media.
• Ivo vanoshandisa monochromatic toni dzinobva kune grey, chena uye dema.
• Inotsanangurwa seyakashanda uye isina kukwana kana yakashama maitiro kubva pakugadzira uye hunyanzvi uye yakanaka haikodzeri zviyero zvayo.
• Modular zvinhu uye kudzokorora kwavo kwakakosha.
• Zvidimbu zvinowanzotaurwa pamwe chete nemapendero erectilinear. Mukuwedzera, zvidimbu izvi hazvigadziriswi kana kushandiswa.

Brutalist Dhizaini: Mavambo

The history of this current so inoshamisa ngatitaurei izvozvo inotanga kuburikidza nekuparadzwa, kwavari isu tiri muma1940s uye pamwe chete nawo, kuguma kweHondo Yenyika II. Munguva iyi, zvivakwa zvakawanda zveUK zvinonyepa uye zvinoratidzika kunge zvakadonha uye matongo.

Nyika kazhinji inoda kuvakazve njodzi huru, asi inofanirwa kuzviita nekukurumidza sezvinobvira sezvo ivo vachifanira kupa dzimba kune vavakidzani vavo uye zvivakwa zvehurumende kwavanogona kurongedza nyika yakange yaparadzwa zvachose, kune zvese izvi. zvakare inobatana nekushomeka kwezvigadzirwa.

Mune imwe nzvimbo tinowana Soviet Union, nyika iri mukuenzanisira kuzere nekuvakwa kwezvivakwa. Kwazvo, vari kugadzirira kuvaka maitiro edzimba dzakagadzirirwa dzinonzi Khrushchyovka, dzimwe dzimba dzakagadzirwa nezvinhu zvinodhura uye dzakafanana nedzimwe dzakapfuura. Iyi dhizaini yekuvaka ine chinangwa chekubva kubva kune bourgeoisie uye umbozha uye kuratidza communist kuenzana munharaunda.

Iyi nzira inopararira zvakare kuUnited Kingdom, ichigadzira zvivakwa zvakaita seHunstanton School, Smithson Square muGuta reWestminster, iyo Balfron Tower uye National Theatre. Uye zvakare kune dzimwe nyika neAlumni Memorial Hall kuIllinois Institute of Technology, iyo Perth Concert Hall muAustralia, Robarts Library muToronto.

Aya ndiwo matangiro akaita sangano iri.

Makore gare gare

Kukurumbira kukuru kwemaitiro matsva aya kwakaunza migumisiro mikuru, kusanganisira hutongi hwehudzvanyiriri. Kureva kuti, kushandiswa kwezvinhu uye zviwanikwa zvakaita semahombe monochrome canvases zvakaita kuti iyi yazvino ive isina ruvara uye inosimudzira ikozvino.

Kupera kwesangano iri kwakasvika kuma70., asi kusvikira kuzuva rino chakasiya zviyeuchidzo zvikuru zvenhau zvefariro huru zvakapararira munyika yose.

Brutalist dhizaini muzera redhijitari

Makore mazhinji mushure mekupera kwehutsinye dhizaini mudhizaini yekuvaka, chimiro chitsva kana svikiro chakaunzwa, zera redhijitari. Nekuvandudzwa uye tekinoroji shanduko, iyi yazvino yaivepo mumadhijitari interfaces.

Parizvino, kufamba uku, kwakaunzwa muzera redhijitari, kwakasuduruka kubva kune zvese zvenyama kana zvisina kuchena uye kwakachengetedza mudzi unobva muhuchokwadi uye kuvakwa kwakanyanya.

Brutalism muwebhu dhizaini yagara ichishanda. Imwe yemawebhusaiti anodzokororwa ndiyo yakakurumbira Craigslist. Izvo izvo vazhinji vanogadzira vasingazive ndezvekuti kana vangoshandisa zviri nyore uye zvinobatsira zviwanikwa, ivo vari kutarisa chimiro ichi mumapurojekiti nemabasa avo.

Hunhu hunofananidzwa neihwo hwemaitiro ekuvaka hwakanyanya kutaurwa muiyo typography uye mune zvakasiyana-siyana zvemavara sarudzo. Kusiyana neaya apfuura, haasisiri monochromatic.

Brutalism: ikozvino

Nhasi, hutsinye hwakadzokera kumidzi yahwo yekuvaka. Muzera redhijitari, zvinokwanisika kuona chidzitiro chisina kuvharwa uko maumbirwo uye mavara zvakavanzwa. Kugadzirisa kwese kunobviswa uye mafonti edhijitari uye square footage zvinoratidzwa.

Brutalism uye graphic dhizaini

Brutalism mune graphic dhizaini yaivepo nekuda kweinotangira, Chimiro cheSwitzerland kana inozivikanwawo seyepasirese maitiro. Chimiro chakakurumbira zvikuru muma 50. Ichi chimiro chinozivikanwa nokuda kwechinangwa uye rationalism mumagadzirirwo ayo. Nokudaro, vakaswedera kune mamwe maitiro ekushanda uye vakatama kubva kune unyanzvi.

Ndokusaka kukosha kwakawanda kwakapihwa kune typographic kusiyanisa uye yakarairwa mitsetse, nekuwedzera, kushandiswa kwe akareruka uye akatenderera geometric maumbirwo, akashinga typefaces, zvidzitiro zvehafutone, kutora mafoto enzvimbo uye maumbirwo ezvigadzirwa kubva mukuvaka.

Vagadziri kana maartist

thomas danthony

Iye mugadziri wemifananidzo uye illustrator akaberekerwa muFrance asi ari muLondon. Kubva paakahwina mubairo weHandsome Future, auya kuzoratidza kuti ndiye mumwe wevanonyanya kuvimbisa uye vane tarenda remifananidzo. Vatengi vayo ndivo vane simba zvakanyanya: M&C Saatchi, Microsoft, Nokia uye Little White Lies. Icho chikamu cheiyo hutsinye dhizaini maitiro uye inochengetedza midzi yeSwiss maitiro nekuda kweiyo geometric maumbirwo.

Basa rake rinowanzova nerondedzero inowedzerwa nekushandisa kwakangwara kwemwenje inobvumira mifananidzo kutaura nyaya pamwe nekuita kuti muoni afunge.

Ernst Keller

Ernst Keller akaberekwa muna 1891 muAarau, Switzerland. Akadzidza zveunyanzvi nemabhuku uye panguva yebasa rake semugadziri akagadzira mapepa eKunstgewerbemuseum yeZurich, yezvipo zvakasiyana siyana uye akawanda heraldic logos.

Basa rake semugadziri rinokosheswawo zvakanyanya mukutaipa uye graphic dhizaini muzvivakwa. Asi, kana Ernst Keller achikoshera chimwe chinhu, imhaka yebasa rake semudzidzisi uye nekurudziro inoshamisa yaaive nayo pavadzidzi vake vazhinji.

Muna 1918, Keller akatanga kudzidzisa dhizaini uye kutaipa pachikoro chaizivikanwa cheKunstgewerbeschule (School of Applied Arts) muZurich.Ikoko akaenderera mberi kusvika pamudyandigere muna 1956, mushure memakumi emakore achidzidzisa vagadziri vechidiki vakagadzira manyorerwo eSwiss muma50s. Ernst Keller anoonekwa sababa veSwiss style, yakazozivikanwa seInternational Typographic Style.

Izvi zvinokonzerwa nenhamba huru yevadzidzi vaKeller vakazoumba uye vakaparidzira chimiro ichi chekugadzira. Kubatsira kwaErnst Keller mukuvandudza misimboti yedzidziso mukudzidzisa kwekugadzira kunoita basa rakakosha. Muchokwadi, aive musiki weimwe yekutanga yakarongeka yekudzidzisa zvirongwa zvegraphic dhizaini munyika.

Makore ake akawanda ekudzidzisa pakati pa1918 na1956 akaguma nevagadziri vakasiyana kwazvo. Pakati pavo pane protagonists yeiyo itsva graphic design yakadai saRichard Paul Lohse, Josef Müller-Brockmann naCarlo Vivarelli kana matarenda akasiyana-siyana emifananidzo yemifananidzo yakadai saHeiri Steiner, Lora Lamm kana K. Domenic Geissbühler, uye vagadziri vezvitsva vakadai saHermann Eidenbenz kana Gérard Miedinger .

 Max Bill

Anga ari mumwe wevanyori vakakwana uye vakasiyana-siyana venguva yedu. Achizivikanwa senyanzvi yepasirese, akashanda semugadziri wezvivakwa, pendi, muvezi, mugadziri, mudzidzisi uye wezvematongerwo enyika pakati pezvimwe zvinhu. Muhupenyu hwake hwose dzidziso dzakabatana, pakanga pasina kupatsanurwa kwakajeka pakati peunyanzvi nemamwe mabasa, zvinhu zvose zvaiva chikamu chepfungwa imwechete yepasi rose.

Akaberekwa muna 1908 muWinterthur, taundi revashandi pedyo neZurich, kwaaizoenda kunodzidzira kugadzira goridhe paChikoro cheCraft. asati atanga zvidzidzo zvake muna 1927 kuBauhaus, uko kwaidzidzisa nhamba dzemhando yaVasili Kandinsky, Paul Klee, Josef Albers, László Moholy-Nagy naWalter Gropius. Bill aizogara makore maviri muDessau, panguva yaakatevedzera dzidziso dzechikoro, uye akatsanangura mitsetse yebasa rake.

Mhedziso

Kana masvika pano, ndinovimba madzidza kubva muchidimbu ichi chatakuratidzai. Uye chii chauri zvimwe pamusoro pezvivakwa kana nezve zera redhijitari?