Makara chikamu chisingadzivisike chenyika yedu. Zvese zvatinobata, kuona kana kunzwa zvine ruvara. Uye zvakare, isu takadzidza kuwedzera mavara kumifananidzo panguva yechikoro chesekondari tichishandisa mhando dzakasiyana dzemarudzi. Mavara ekutanga - aimbozivikanwa semavara echinyakare - ndiwo maitiro akafananidzwa, zvichibva pamhinduro yekuzvarwa yemasero ekugamuchira muziso revanhu kusvika pakuvapo kwemamwe mwenje wechiedza uye kupindirana kwavo.
Uine izvi mupfungwa, mubvunzo unogara uri iro rekutanga ruvara. Ndedzipi dzinoumba? Iko kune musanganiswa wemavara ekutanga? Mhando dzakasiyana dzezvikoro zvepuraimari? Tinowana sei iyo shava vara? Tiri kuzopindura iyo mibvunzo mune yakasarudzika gwara kuti usatarise kumberi. Kuwedzera kusahadzika uku muchinyorwa chimwe chete
Kuti iwe usakanganwe, yeuka kubhukimaka ichi chinyorwa, kuti iwe ugone kuzvirangarira zvese kamwechete.
Ndeapi mavara ekutanga?
Chero sainzi yemakomputa, dhizaina, anovhenekera anokuudza iwe kuti RGB kana CMYK uye ese ari maviri anoonekwa seanoshanda. Asi ivo havabvumirane panzira yatinotarisa nayo.
Ruvara rwekutanga, rwaimbozivikanwa se chinyakare Iyo imwe isingagone kuwanikwa nekusanganisa mamwe mavara. Izvi zvinouya kubva pakuona kwatinoita kuburikidza nemaziso. Uye ndosaka zvese zviri zviviri chiedza uye pigmentation zvakasiyana. Saka pane kusahadzika kwakawanda pamusoro pazvo. Muchokwadi, usati waziva mikana miviri iyi yakakamurwa nezvikamu zvavari kuratidzwa, iyo RYB (Tsvuku, yero uye nebhuruu) yaizivikanwa - Hongu, semufananidzo mukuru. Takanga tisina kukanganisa.
Yakanga iri yekutanga pfungwa yepuruvara ruvara, kumashure muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX uye iyo yakapa nzira kune yazvino CMYK. Uye yakatsiviwa neyakagadzirwa zvigadzirwa uye kufambira mberi kwetekinoroji kuburikidza nekomputa. Ndokusaka izvozvi zvisingatariswe kunge zviri mumhuri yemavara ekutanga.
Mavara ekutanga muchiedza ndiRGB (Dzvuku, Girini uye Bhuruu) uye iwo ekutanga mavara e pigmentation ari CMYK (Cyan, Magenta, Yero uye nhema)
Primary color kusanganisa
Zvinoenderana neye pigmentation isu tinogona kuti iwo ekutanga mavara ari CMYK, iyo yakashandurwa ichinzi Cyan, Magenta, Yero neBlack. Kusanganisa aya mavara kunoguma mune anotevera mavara echipiri:
- Magenta + yero = Orange
- Cyan + yero = Girini
- Cyan + magenta = Violet
- Cyan + Magenta + Yero = Nhema
Nezve ayo ekutanga mavara anoratidzwa nechiedza, isu taizopa iro rinoreva RGB iyo yakadudzirwa ichave Tsvuku, Girini uye Bhuruu. Ivo vanogona kuwira mumusanganiswa weanotevera mumvuri wechipiri mavara:
- Girini + bhuruu = Cyan
- Tsvuku + bhuruu = Magenta
- Tsvuku + girini = Yero
- Tsvuku + bhuruu + girini = Muchena
Tinogona kucherechedza, mutsauko wemubatanidzwa wemavara matatu ekutanga eCMYK neRGB ndeyekuti imwe inoguma nhema uye imwe inopera nechena. Chinhu chinonakidza ndechekuti zvinoenderana nemhando mbiri dzakanaka, ese mavara machena ane mutsamba wakajeka: iwo mavara echipiri emhando yeRGB ndiwo mavara ekutanga eCMYK, uye zvinopesana.
Zvirinani mune dzidziso, nekuti mukuita izvi hazvigone kutariswa sezvazviri. Nekuda kwehunhu hwehunhu hwemunhu hunogadzira akasiyana shades uye hausi mhando yechiedza. Pakupedzisira, ruvara haruripo nekuti rwunoita, zviri nani maonero edu acho.
Rokutanga vhiri vhiri
Iyo inozivikanwawo se Chromatic denderedzwa ndiyo nzira yekumiririra iwo mavara muhurongwa zvinoenderana nehunhu hwavo. Ndokunge, kuisa iwo ekutanga mavara padhuze nepadhuze uye kuvasanganisa kunokonzeresa akasiyana shades (yechipiri uye epamusoro mavara). Izvi zviri nyore kutsanangura nhasi. Nekuti chero mushandisi ane chirongwa chekugadzirisa mifananidzo pakombuta yavo. Tiri kutaura nezve Photoshop asi inogona kuve chero imwe.
Nekudzvanya paruvara pendi, tinoona maitikiro anoita denderedzwa rekromatic. Pakutanga chaive chimwe chinhu chakaomarara kuona, Newton akaronga kuvapo kwemavara epuraimari uye echipiri uye Goethe akagadzira vhiri rekutanga muna 1810. Iri vhiri rakashandurwa kuita misiyano mizhinji, kudzamara ramira kuita denderedzwa rese uye rave madhiragoni. Charles Blanc muna 1867 akazvisika uye vanogona kutaridzwa zvakasiyana zvakasiyana.
Nzira yekugadzira bhuruu nemavara ekutanga
Iri rinogara riri basa rakaoma kune vese avo vanotanga kupenda. Ini ndinodzokorora kuti zviri nyore kuwana iyo Hex kana RGB kodhi mugoogle woinyora mu Photoshop. Asi izvi hazvisi nyore kwazvo mumusanganiswa wepanyama wemavara uye uzadzise hunyoro uhu.
Tichifunga kuti shava harisi vara, nekuti hachisi chikamu chemwenje wechiedza. Iko kusanganiswa kwemavara, ayo anogona kuwanikwa nenzira dzakasiyana. Ndokusaka iwe uchifanira kufunga kuti ndeipi toni yebrown iyo yaunoda kuwana, nekuti zvichienderana netoni iyoyo iwe unofanirwa kutevedzera imwe nzira kana imwe.
RYB inoonekwa zvakare
Ndokusaka takambotaura pamusoro peiyi kusanganiswa kwemavara ekutanga. Kunyangwe nhasi ichiita kunge chisingachashandi, zvakakosha kuti uzive kugona kwayakaita. Mune ino kesi, bhuruu, yero uye tsvuku zvakaenzana zvikamu pamwe nekubata kwechena. Uyu musanganiswa unokupa iwe brown brown mhedzisiro. Ramba uchifunga kuti kana usati uri iwo chaiwo mumvuri wauri kutsvaga iwe unogona sanganisa yero kuti uwane mumvuri wakareruka, uye iyo yakatsvuka kana bhuruu iyo yakasviba iyo inobuda.
Orenji neBlue
Ruvara rweorenji, sezvatatsanangura kare, harisi iro rekutanga ruvara. Mune imwe yemikana yayo (CMYK, RYB, RGB). Ndosaka tichizotora pakutanga nenzira inotevera:
Isu tinoshandisa tsvuku - rakatsvuka - uye 10% yero kuwana orenji raunoda. Tichasanganisa uyu muvara, ikozvino hongu, ne5% yebhuruu. Izvo zvatinozowana echinyakare chokoreti shava. Kana iwe uchida kuti ive yakasviba, wedzera iyo chikamu chebhuruu uye yakajeka, yakawanda muzana yeorenji. Zvichienderana nezvinodiwa.
Pakupedzisira uzviwane neGreen neRed
Iyi brown ichave yakatsvuka zvakanyanya, sepakutanga neorenji, iro girini girini haisi yekutanga futi. Sanganisa zvakaenzana zvikamu yero nebhuruu kuti uzviwane. Kana musanganiswa wapera, wedzera iyo tsvuku zvishoma nezvishoma. Nekudaro iwe uchaona iyo shanduko yeiyo ruvara kune brown kune iyo tonality iwe yaunoda. Ive nekuchenjerera nekuzviwedzeredza, kuti urege kusvetuka hunhu hunodiwa. Kuti udzokere, wedzera girini, asi pamwe izvi hazvifanire zvakanaka.