Uri kupinda munyika yekutora mifananidzo here? Kana zvirizvo, chimwe chezvinhu zvekutanga zvaunofanira kuziva ndirwo rudzi rwe zvinangwa zviripo uye nebasa rei rimwe nerimwe rawo. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, zvichave nyore kushandisa imwe kana imwe kuti uwane mhedzisiro uye uwane zvakanakisa kubva kukamera yako.
Zvimwe zvezvinhu zvakakosha zvatinofanira kufunga nezvazvo kuti tinzwisise musiyano uripo pakati pemhando dzakasiyana dzemalensi ndiwo munda wekutarisa uye nekudzika kwemunda. Pfungwa yekutanga inoreva kukura (kana kona) yekutorwa uye hurukuro yechipiri nezve kugona kumiririra chinhambwe pakati pezvinhu zvakasiyana zvinoita chimiro chedu. Zvese zviri zviviri zvinhu zvakaderedzwa apo isu tinowedzera urefu hwekutarisa.
Tinogona kuita musiyano wakajeka chaizvo zvichibva pa focal daro (rinova iro daro riri pakati peya diaphragm yekamera uye kutariswa kwe lens yedu pachayo) uye kona yekuona (iyo upamhi hwechiratidzo chainopa) Pazasi iwe unogona kuzviona nenzira yakajeka.
Ziso rehove
Iyo ndiyo mhando ye lens inotipa isu neakakura kona yekuona inosvika 180 degrees kana kupfuura. Iyo yakatarisa kureba kwefisheye kazhinji iri pakati pemamirimita matanhatu negumi nematanhatu. Kana kureba kwayo kuri nhanhatu tinowana hurefu hunosvika pamadhigirii makumi maviri nemaviri. Ivo anowanzo shandiswa seyeyehunyanzvi sosi uye nzira yekupa simba uye vhoriyamu mumufananidzo wedu. Nayo tichakwanisa kuvhara nzvimbo dzakapamhamha uye nekupa kuratidzika kukuru kumifananidzo yedu nekuti ivo vanogadzira kukanganisa kwakanyanya mumitsara inogadzira mifananidzo.
Wide angled
Iyo yakatarisa lens iri pakati pemamirimita gumi nemasere nemakumi matatu nemashanu uye inoona mamakona ekuona ari pakati pe18 ne35 degrees. Ivo vanokonzeresa kukanganisa mukati memahara asi zvine musoro zvakanyanya kusimbiswa kupfuura izvo zvinoonekwa nehove. Kunyangwe zvakadaro, uku kushomeka kunowedzera kana kushomeka zvichienderana nemhando yechinangwa chiri kutaurwa. Yayo yakasimba pfungwa ndeyekuti inotipa isu hukuru chaihwo kumifananidzo yedu chaizvo nekuti ine hupamhi hwakadzika hwemunda uye hukuru kugona kubata chiedza. Paunenge uchishandisa, iwe unofanirwa kuziva kuti daro chinhu chakakosha, nekuti chinhu kana hunhu hwatiri kutora huchawedzera kutsauswa padyo nepatinosvika pairi. Nechikonzero ichi, inowanzo shandiswa kazhinji mumamiriro ekushongedza mafoto kana munzvimbo dzakavhurika, kusanganisira nzvimbo dzemukati.
Yakajairwa lens
Iyi nzira inopa kona yekuona yakatenderedza 45 degrees uye nekudaro yakafanana neziso remunhu. Iyi sarudzo haigadzire chero mhando yekushomeka mumitsara nenzvimbo dzinoumba mufananidzo wedu. Inowanzoita mamirimita makumi mashanu uye ivowo vano penya, nekuti ivo vanowana kuzarura kukuru.
Macro
Ivo vanowanzo kuve nehurefu hwekutarisa pakati pemamirimita zana nemakumi maviri nemazana maviri. Ivo anoshandiswa zvakanyanya ekutora mifananidzo, kunyanya mune yayo macro modhi nekuti inotibvumidza kuratidza zvirimwa kana zvipembenene zvisina kupinda munzvimbo yavo yepamoyo kana nzvimbo yavo. Kureba kwayo kureba kunotendera kuti titore mifananidzo ine 150: 200 reshiyo (chaiyo sikero) uye padanho rakakura nenzira yekuti zvinhu zviri mukutora kwedu hazvizive kuti tiripo. Mutengo waro wakakwira kwazvo saka hazvishamise kuona wekutanga mutori wemifananidzo aine chimwe cheizvi mumaoko avo. Vanobvumidza kutarisisa kusvika pasentimita kure nelenzi (izvi zviri padyo chaizvo uye zvidiki zvinhu).
Pfupi telephoto
Rudzi irworwo rwemalensi rune urefu hwakatarisana pakati pe 70 ne 135mm. Iyo yekuona munda iyo yaanotipa isu yakaderera kune iyo inopihwa nekuona kwevanhu. Inoonekwa nekuunza chinhu chiri mubvunzo padyo nesu uye nacho kudzika kwemunda kunotanga kudzikiswa. Maitiro aya anonyanya kushandiswa kushanda pamifananidzo yakamisikidzwa, kunyangwe iri zvakare inobatsira kune chaiwo mapikicha kana achiri hupenyu.
Telephoto uye Super telephoto lenses
Izvo zvakagadzirirwa kutora mifananidzo iri kure, ndiko kuti, kuvhara nzvimbo yekutora mifananidzo kana yemitambo kutora mifananidzo semuenzaniso. Pfungwa yake yakasimba saka ndiko kukwanisa kuswededza mukati memufananidzo. Izvi zvinoita kuti kona yako yekutarisa ipfupike pamadhigiri makumi matatu. Uye zvakare, kureba kwayo kwakanyanya kunowanzoita makumi manomwe emamirimita. Kushanda kwaro kunoenderana nekudzvinyirirwa kwendege kuitira kuti huchokwadi hukanganisike kunyanya maererano nedaro. Zvakajairika kuti kana mifananidzo ikatorwa kure kure daro pakati pezvinhu rakapfupikiswa zvekunyepedzera uye richipa mhedzisiro. Zvinonzwisisika, iwo zvakare akakodzera kushanda mumifananidzo yekutora mifananidzo nekuda kwekugona kwavo kutarisa uye kuita sarudzo inosarudzika uko nzvimbo kana poindi yekutarisisa kuri pachena uye zvimwe zvese zvinhu zviri kure kwazvo, zvichipa bokeh mhedzisiro. Izvi zvine musoro zvinonakidza nekuti zvinokutendera kuti uenzanise uye ushande zvakakwana uine tarisiro yekutarisa uye nekudaro shanda iko kwekutaurirana kurovedza nenzira yechokwadi nenzira kwayo (yeuka kuti ziso revanhu rinoshanda chaizvo seizvi). Kana uchishanda pamifananidzo iwo urefu hwakatarisana huri pakati pemamirimita makumi manomwe uye zana nemakumi matatu neshanu. Kana isu tikashandisa yakareba yakatarisa kureba isu tinofanirwa kuenda kumberi kure nechinhu kana hunhu hwatinoda kutora mifananidzo kuti titarise pairi. Nekuda kwehunhu hwayo, chinhu chakakosha kana uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchiita
Elena Azofeifa