Ukufota yenye yezinto ezafunyanwayo ezatshintsha inxalenye yehlabathi. Xa ukuphuhliswa kweefoto kufunyenwe kwi-1824 (nguNiépce), kwakukho ukuguqulwa. Kwaye, ngokunxulumene noku, okanye kunoko, ukuya phambili okwavela ngo-1842, yi-cyanotype. Kodwa, Yintoni i-cyanotype kwaye ungayenza njani?
Ukuba eli gama libambe ingqalelo yakho, okanye uye wakhangela kwi-Intanethi kwaye wabona iziphumo ezifunyenweyo, ke kweli nqaku siza kucacisa nawaphi na amathandabuzo onokuthi ube nawo ukongeza ekukunikeni into ephathekayo ukuze uyenze ekhaya. Ngaba siqale?
Yintoni icyanotype
Into yokuqala kuzo zonke kukuqonda igama elithi cyanotype. Asiyonto uqhele ukuyiva kwiincoko, hayi nezo zobugcisa. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuba uyazi ukuba sithetha ukuthini.
Kwaye ukwenza oku, kufuneka sikunike umhla: 1842; kunye negama: W. Herschel. Esi sazi ngeenkwenkwezi savelisa into ebizwa ngokuba yi<em>cyanotype ngaloo nyaka eyayiyindlela yokuphuhlisa ifoto awayidalayo xa wayephanda ngeetyuwa zentsimbi ze-photosensitive.
Ke yintoni icyanotype? Iqulethwe yinkqubo yokukopisha izinto ezingalunganga, usebenzisa iincinci ze-ferrous ezithi, ngenxa yesenzo sokukhanya, sibe yintsimbi, kwaye umphumo ofunyenweyo ngumfanekiso wesithombe kwiitoni eziluhlaza.
Yintoni inkqubo yecyanotype?
Ngokusekwe koku ngasentla, unokubona ukuba inkqubo ilula, nangona eneneni kufuneka ulandele amanyathelo athile ukuze ufumane isiphumo esilindelekileyo. Ngokukodwa, ezi ziya kuba:
Xuba ammoniacal iron citrate kunye potassium ferrocyanide. Oku kuya kukunika ityuwa yeferric ye-photosensitive.
Xa le tyuwa ibonakaliswe kukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet iyancipha ngobukhulu kwaye iguqukela kwityuwa ene-ferrous.
Emva kokuba unetyuwa evuzayo, yixube kunye ne-potassium ferrocyanide kwaye uqaphele, kuba iya kuba nempendulo yokufumana i-ferrous ferrocyanide. Oku akuyi kunyibilika emanzini.
Le yokugqibela yinto evelisa uphuhliso olufumana imifanekiso eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Kuthatha phakathi kwemizuzu elishumi ukuya kumashumi amabini.
Indlela yokwenza i-cyanotype ekhaya
Ukuba uye wakwazi ukubona imizekelo yobuchule be-cyanotype kwi-Intanethi kwaye uyayithanda, ngokuqinisekileyo ungathanda ukuyizama ekhaya. Kulungile ke, Nangona ingeyonto iqhele ukwenziwa, iyafumaneka kuye nabani na ofuna ukuyizama. Kodwa, ukwenza oku, landela la manyathelo:
Izinto eziyimfuneko
Siqala ngokwenza uluhlu lwezinto oza kuzifuna. Ukuba ukufundile oku kungasentla, uya kusazi apho siya khona. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, kuba akuyi kuba nzima kangako.
Udinga:
Mamanzi amisiwe.
I-25 grams ye-ammoniacal ferric citrate.
10 grams potassium ferrocyanide.
Iphepha elincangathi.
Iphepha leglasi.
Iisirinji ezimbini.
Inyathelo 1: izisombululo
Ngako konke oku kungasentla, kuya kufuneka ulungiselele izisombululo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo:
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, udinga i-25 grams ye-ammoniacal ferric citrate kunye ne-100 ml yamanzi. Isiphumo siya kuba luhlaza.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, udinga i-10 grams ye-potassium ferrocyanide kunye ne-100 ml yamanzi adibeneyo. Apha umphumo uya kuba yi-orange.
Ngoku, thatha iisirinji ezimbini kwaye uthathe i-5 ml kwisisombululo ngasinye. Kwingqayi entsha, xuba zombini.
Inyathelo 2: Iphepha leCyanotype
Emva kokuba udibanise izisombululo zombini, unemveliso efanelekileyo yokwenza i-cyanotype, nangona sincoma ukuba uvumele ukuba uphumle imizuzu embalwa.
Ngelixa, ungathatha iphepha ulungise itafile (yigubungele into enokwenzeka). Emva koko, ngebrashi, kufuneka "upeyinte" iphepha ngomxube owenziweyo. Ewe, qiniseka ukuba ayifumani kukhanya kwelanga.
Ngaba loo nto ithetha ukuba kufuneka ube sebumnyameni? Nakanye. Kodwa kubalulekile ukuba ukukhanya okuncinci kukho, kungcono (unokwenza, umzekelo, emva kwemini xa kungabikho ukukhanya).
Kuya kufuneka ulinde ukuba iphepha lome, kodwa Ukuqinisekisa ukuba unayo kwindawo engena umoya kodwa apho ukukhanya kungayibethi khona.
Inyathelo lesi-3: thatha iifoto nge-negative
Ukuze ubuchule be-cyanotype bube yimpumelelo, kubalulekile ukuba iifoto ozisebenzisayo zithathwe ngokungalunganga. Ngaphandle koko umphumo awuyi kuba yinto oyilindeleyo.
Kwaye kuthetha ukuthini ukuthatha iifoto ezingalunganga? Imalunga nokuthatha iifoto ngokuguqula imibala yefoto. Yinto enokwenziwa ngeekhamera, kodwa nangokucoca okanye usetyenziso.
Enye inketho kukuthatha ifoto eqhelekileyo onayo kwaye usebenzise iwebhusayithi enoxanduva lokuguqula ifoto ibe yinto engalunganga.
Kufuneka uyiprinte. Kuba uyayidinga ukuze uyibeke ngephepha lecyanotype olenze kwinyathelo langaphambili. Ke ngoku, Uyalikhumbula iphepha leglasi? Isetyenziselwa ukufaka uxinzelelo, kodwa ukuba awunayo, zama ukugubungela indawo yokunxibelelana nefoto kunye nephepha kwaye ubeke ubunzima kuyo.
Okulandelayo kucetyiswa ukuba uyibeke elangeni. Yingakho iglasi ifanelekile ngakumbi, kuba iya kuvumela ilanga ukuba lingene ngokugqibeleleyo.
Inkqubo ithatha, njengoko sikuxelele, phakathi kwemizuzu elishumi namashumi amabini. Emva kwelo xesha, kuya kufuneka sisuse kuphela iglasi kunye nefoto kwaye sithathe iphepha le-cyanotype.
Usenokungaboni nto, kodwa kufuneka uqhube iphepha phantsi kwamanzi abandayo. Kodwa hayi kanye, kodwa kathathu. Ewe kunjalo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ube nezikhongozeli ezintathu ezinamanzi abandayo kwaye uqhube ngeyokuqala, uyishiye imizuzu emihlanu, uyikhuphe, uyikhuphe kwaye uyibeke kweyesibini. Phinda uyidlulisele kweyesithathu. Kwaye kwakhona phinda.
Okokugqibela, kufuneka ulinde nje ukuba yome kwaye, okubalulekileyo, qiniseka ukuba ikwindawo apho kungekho kukhanya kuyibethayo kwaphela.
Ngaba unokwenza iicyanotypes zeminye imibala?
Nangona icyanotype inombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka njengombala wayo wokuqala, kusenokwenzeka ukuba awuwuthandi, okanye udinwe yinto enye kwaye ufuna ukuzama.
Ewe, kukho inkqubo yeekhemikhali apho, ekupheleni kwenkquboEwe, ungawutshintsha umbala weecyanotypes ukuya kwezinye izithunzi ezinjengwevu, sepia...
Umzekelo, ukusebenzisa iviniga kunye ne-hydrogen peroxide kwiidosi ezincinci kuya kubangela ukuba umbala utshintshe.
Kwaye kwenzeka nini oku? Kwinkqubo yokuhlamba. Ewe kunjalo, khumbula ukuba kuya kufuneka uvavanye idosi efanelekileyo, ke soloko uqala ngexabiso elincinci ukubona umahluko.
Ngoku uyazi ukuba yintoni i-cyanotype kunye nendlela yokwenza, unokuba nobuganga bokuyenza ekhaya ngomfanekiso owuthanda kakhulu? Uya kuba njani umphumo?