Indalo yoyilo lwegraphic yenziwe zizinto ezininzi ezahlukeneyo ezenza ukuba ibe yinto enomtsalane kwaye ingaqhelekanga. Enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo iiprofayili zombala, ezidlala indima egqibeleleyo kwinkqubo ye ukuhlelwa komfanekiso. uyafuna ukwazi ukuba ingantoni? Ngezantsi siza kukuxelela kancinci malunga nalo mba, kunye neyona ndlela ilungileyo yokukhetha eyona ifanelekileyo ngokwezidingo zakho zobuqu.
Ziziphi iiprofayili zombala?
Into yokuqala kufuneka icace kakhulu kukuba xa sithetha iprofayile umbala sibhekisela a ifayile yohlobo oluchazayo. Ibonisa ukuhanjiswa kombala womfanekiso onikiweyo okanye ifoto.
Yinto eluncedo kakhulu kuba ivumela ugcino lwe ukuhambelana kombala nokuba usebenzisa esiphi isixhobo. Ngale ngqiqo, kuyafaneleka ukucacisa ukuba kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesixhobo, nokuba yikhamera, iliso okanye umshicileli, uluhlu lwemibala lunokutolikwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.
Kwakhona, iiprofayili zemibala ziyimfuneko kakhulu ekusebenzeni ngokufanelekileyo kwezicelo ezilungiselelwe ukuhlelwa kweefoto. Kuxhaphake kakhulu ukuzifumana kwiinkqubo ezinje Adobe Photoshop, Umzekeliso y Ngenisa.
Iintlobo zeeprofayili zemibala
Kubalulekile ukuba unolwazi malunga neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeeprofayili zemibala esinokuzifumana. Ngale ndlela ukhetha eyona ifanelekileyo kwiimfuno zakho, kwaye ke iziphumo zakho xa uhlela imifanekiso ziphela zinomtsalane.
Ezi zezona profayile zemibala zidumileyo:
- I-RGB (ebomvu, eluhlaza kunye nebhlowu): Olona ncedo luphambili lwale profayili lujolise kwintelekelelo echanekileyo yemifanekiso kwizikrini zedijithali, ezifana neemonitha, oomabonakude kunye neeselfowuni. Inika inkcazo yemibala kwisikali esibomvu, eluhlaza kunye nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
- CMYK: Ilungele imifanekiso eprintiweyo kwizinto ezifana nephepha kunye nezinye ezifanayo, njengoko ichaza indlela efanelekileyo kakhulu yokuxuba imibala emine engundoqo kuzo zonke iintlobo zokushicilela. Ezi zezi: cyan, magenta, yellow and black. Ngale ndlela kuyenzeka ukuba ufumane iziphumo ezilindelekileyo kwi-frequency crossing echanekileyo ngaphakathi kolu luhlu.
- Pantone: Olu luluhlu olubanzi lwee-shades ezisemgangathweni, ezisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizicwangciso ezithi, ngenxa yobunzima bazo, zifuna i-shades ethile. Iphawuleka ngokuchaneka kwayo okukhulu, yiyo loo nto kuya kuba lula kuwe ukuyifumana kushishino lokushicilela, nakwimisebenzi yoyilo lwegraphic.
- lab: Ichaneke ngakumbi, iqwalasela ukuba igxile kwezinye izinto ezingaqhelekanga ezifana nokukhanya, ukugcwala kunye ne-hue. Isetyenziselwa umsebenzi woyilo olukwinqanaba eliphezulu.
- IGreyyscale: Ngale profayile, kuyenzeka ukuba uphathe ubungakanani obungwevu obubanzi ngokulungele kwakho, ukuba ukhetha ukusebenza ngemifanekiso emnyama namhlophe.
- web: Njengoko igama layo libonisa, yiprofayile eboniswe kwimifanekiso ofuna ukuyibonisa kwiphepha lakho lewebhu. Inkcazo yayo ifana ne-RGB, kuba isebenzisa isikali seethoni ezibomvu, eziluhlaza kunye neziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, nangona uluhlu olusetyenziswayo luncinci.
Iingcebiso zokukhetha iprofayile yombala efanelekileyo
Ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba ungayikhetha njani iprofayile yombala eyenelisa iimfuno kunye neemfuno zakho, nanga amanye amacebiso anokukunceda ukucacisa izimvo zakho:
- chaza kakuhle indlela okhetha ukuba umfanekiso wakho uvele ngayo okanye uyilo lwegraphic. Khetha iprofayile yeCMYK ukuba ufuna ukuyiprinta. Ukuba, kwelinye icala, kufuneka uyijonge kwiwebhu okanye kwiscreen sedijithali, olona khetho lungcono luya kuba ziiprofayile zeWebhu kunye neRGB.
- ukuba imibala ekhethekileyo kakhulu, khangela iinkangeleko ezisebenza olu phawu.
- Thatha ingqalelo ukuba umfanekiso wakho uya kuba ngombala okanye kumnyama namhlophe, ukuze usebenze ngokufanelekileyo kuyilo lwakho.
- Kwimeko apho unokuthandabuza malunga nohlengahlengiso okanye ukusetyenziswa kwayo nayiphi na kwezi profayili, kungcono ukhethe enye esele ikhona. ukumiselwa kwangaphambili. Umzekelo, i-sRGB iya kusebenza kwiifayile zedijithali kwaye iCoated FOGRA39 iya kukunceda kakhulu ekushicileleni.
Kutheni kubalulekile ukulinganisa imonitha?
Inkqubo yohlengahlengiso esiyenzayo ukuze isikrini sokujonga isikrini sibonise imibala echanekileyo yaziwa ngokuba lulungelelwaniso. Oku kubalulekile ukuba thintela iithowuni ezahlukeneyo ekudityaneni xa uvula iifoto zakho kwezinye izixhobo. Qinisekisa ukuba oku akubi yingxaki ethi kamva ibe nzima ukuyicombulula.
Phakathi kwezona zixhobo zisebenzayo onokuzisebenzisa kunye nemonitha yakho zi SpyderX kunye ColorMunki. Zisebenza kakhulu kwaye kulula ukuzisebenzisa, ngakumbi kwabo bantu bangenalo ulwazi olubanzi lwangaphambili ngalo mbandela.
Amanye amaqhinga okusebenza ngeeprofayili zemibala
La ngamanye amaqhinga aya kuba luncedo kakhulu xa uphuhlisa umsebenzi wakho ngeeprofayile zemibala:
- Qinisekisa ukuba imifanekiso oyisebenzisayo ikuyo isisombululo esipheleleyo. Ngale ndlela uphucula ukubonwa kwazo kwaye uqinisekisa ukuba zinomgangatho ofanelekileyo xa uziprinta.
- Ukuba uzama ukudibanisa ngokufanelekileyo zonke izinto zoyilo lwegraphic, musa ukulahlekelwa ngumbono weprofayile yombala ngamnye wemifanekiso oyisebenzisayo. Ngokufanelekileyo, kufuneka usebenzise enye yazo zonke, ukufumana i iziphumo ezihambelanayo nezihambelanayo.
- Kwimeko yoyilo lwakho lunombhalo ozinzisiweyo, eyona iprofayile ifanelekileyo yiCMYK. Oku kuvumela i ukulungelelaniswa okuchanekileyo kwayo yonke imibala emfanekisweni. Ngoko ke, ngale ndlela uphepha iingxaki ezinxulumene nerejista.
- Ngalo lonke ixesha jonga isixhobo sakho kunye nenkqubo iyahambelana ngeeprofayile ofuna ukuzifaka. Oku konga ixesha kwaye kuququzelele ukwenziwa komsebenzi wakho ngendlela eyiyo.
Ukukhanya kuyichaphazela njani imbono yemibala?
Ukukhanyisa kudlala indima emiselayo kwindlela esiyibona ngayo imibala esingqongileyo. Kwimeko yemifanekiso ethile, isebenza ngendlela efanayo.
Ngesi sizathu sicebisa ukuba ujonge iindawo nge ukukhanya okwaneleyo ukuze ukwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wakho ngempumelelo. Ngale ndlela uphepha naluphi na uhlobo lokwahluka ngalo mzuzu ubona umbala ngamnye. Oku kuthatha isigqibo ukuze ekugqibeleni ufezekise umphumo owulandelayo kumfanekiso wakho.
Kwakhona, musa ukuqhela ukusebenza kwiindawo ezixhomekeke kuphela elangeni. Kuya kufuneka ukhumbule ukuba iyahluka imini yonke, inyani enokuvelisa ukungachaneki okukhulu ngexesha lomsebenzi wakho.
Ndingenza njani iiprofayili zombala oqhelekileyo?
Nangona iinketho zeprofayile ezibonelelwa ngeenkqubo zokuhlela kunye nezicelo ngokungathandabuzekiyo zikowona mgangatho uphezulu, kusenokwenzeka ukuba azifikeleli ngokupheleleyo zonke izinto ozilindeleyo. Kwabona bahleli bafuna kakhulu okanye abayili kukho ezinye iingenelo ezimangalisayo ezifana ne ukukwazi ukwenza iiprofayili zemibala emitsha ngokupheleleyo, ngokokhetho lwakho lobuqu.
Ukuze ugqibezele esi senzo, unokufumaneka ngokubanzi kwesoftware yolu hlobo lomsebenzi. Phakathi kwezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwaye zisebenzayo sinokuzifumana: X-Rite ColorChecker y umbala osisiseko. Baya kukunceda wenze iiprofayili zakho ngexesha elifutshane kakhulu kwaye kunye nenqanaba eliphezulu lokuchaneka kunye nobuchule. Xa uzisebenzisa, khumbula ukuba kubalulekile ukuba uhlale usigcina isixhobo sakho silinganiswe ngokuchanekileyo.
Kutheni iiprofayili zemibala zibalulekile ekufotweni kobuchwephesha?
Ukuba ungumfoti oqeqeshiweyo, uyazi ukuba ibaluleke kangakanani iprofayile yombala ukuba iifoto zakho ziphume nazo umgangatho ochanekileyo. Ngale ndlela, ujongene nokugcina ukuhambelana okuphezulu kwemifanekiso yakho kuyo yonke inkqubo yokuyila.
Awudingi nje ukulungelelanisa ngokufanelekileyo i iprofayile yakho yekhameraEwe, emva kokuthatha iifoto kuza elona candelo lintsonkothileyo: ukuhlela, apho kufuneka ukwazi ukufumana imidibaniso eyiyo yemibala kwimbalelwano kunye noko ujonge ukukufumana.
Ukongeza, kuya kufuneka uthathele ingqalelo ezinye izinto ezinje ngokukhanya, igradient, tints, saturation, vignetting, kunye nezihluzi kwimifanekiso yakho. Eyona nto inika umdla yileyo nganye kwezi zinto ayisebenzi yodwa ngokwahlukeneyo, nokuba uhlela lwenziwa inyathelo ngenyathelo.
Xa usenza utshintsho kuzo zombini iiprofayile zemibala kunye nayo nayiphi na enye into yefoto yakho, kuya kufuneka uluqonde uhlelo njengento ehambelanayo kunye nolungelelwaniso olupheleleyo. Ke, ukuba uyahluka into enye, iinguqu ozenzayo kwezinye ziya kwahluka ngokupheleleyo. Mhlawumbi apho kulele umlingo wokufota, zonke iinxalenye zayo zisebenza xa iyonke, ngendlela yokuba uhlelo ngalunye olutsha luvelise umfanekiso okhethekileyo nomangalisayo ekupheleni.
Ngaphakathi kule nkqubo, ziinkangeleko zemibala eziya kukunceda ukuba ufumane isiphumo esicocekileyo kakhulu kunye ne inqanaba elichukumisayo leenkcukacha. Ukuba ufunda ukuzisebenzisa ngobulumko, umsebenzi wakho uya kuba ngowona ubalaseleyo entsimini.