Uyenza njani i-clone kwi-gimp

Mhlawumbi, ukuba ndikhankanya ilizwi kuwe "clone"  ukuveliswa kanye into efanayo into eza kuwe. Ewe, ngesiqhelo esi sixhobo sisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwisoftware efana Photoshop, kodwa namhlanje siya kude nezixhobo ze-Adobe.

Abaqulunqi abaninzi basebenzisa olu hlobo lwesoftware ukubuyisela imifanekiso okanye ukwenza iiprojekthi zobugcisa.

Kweli nqaku siza kukwazisa kwihlabathi elimangalisayo le Gimp. Kwaye yintoni le malunga neGimp?, Kwaye ngaphezu kwayo yonke into, yenziwa njani le mveliso? Hlala nathi kuba uya kufumanisa apha ngezantsi.

Ngaba siza kuqala?

Yintoni i-Gimp?

Ngaphambi kokungena kwisifundo, sicebisa ukuba ungene kwinkqubo, ukuba ungumntu oyilayo, othanda ukuzoba, ukuhlela imifanekiso okanye ukucinga ngokuyenza, le yinkqubo yakho ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo.

Ukusibeka emxholweni, i-Gimp yinkqubo ebalulekileyo kwaye ifanelekile ukuhlela imifanekiso, ukuqulunqa iimeko ezingeyonyani okanye ukuphinda uchukumise. Yisoftware ethi, ngokungafaniyo nePhotoshop, isimahla, kwaye ngoku isetyenziswa ziinkampani ukuyila izazisi zenkampani. Eyona nto inomdla malunga nale nkqubo kukuba yenzelwe ngokukodwa i-GNU / Linux kwaye ilungiselelwe zombini iiWindows kunye neMac OS X.

Inkqubo ihambelana neefomathi ezifanayo njenge-Adobe (i-Jpeg, i-gif, i-png, i-tiff njl.), kwaye inolwandiso lwayo "xcf" olukhoyo, apho iifayile ze-pdf okanye imifanekiso ye-vector ingangeniswa ngaphandle.

Imisebenzi yayo ephambili

Ngoku sele sikwazisa kancinci kwinkqubo, siza kukucacisela ukuba yeyiphi imisebenzi eyenziwa sesi sixhobo kunye nokhetho onokuthi ulukhethe xa uyila okanye usebenza ngaso:

• Inokhetho lwazo zonke iintlobo iindlela ngenxa yezixhobo zokukhetha (i-rectangular, spherical, wand magic, manual lasso njl.).
• Ikwanayo izikere ezihlakaniphile.
• Inazo zonke iintlobo izixhobo zokupeyinta (ibrashi, ibrashi yomoya, ibrashi, ukuthungwa, ukuzalisa…).
• Kunokwenzeka guqula isikali okanye ukuthambeka.
• Unelungiselelo elinye ibrashi yokunyanga ukulungisa iimpazamo.
• Own herramientas ukuthambekela, ukuguqulwa, ukubumba kwimbono kunye nokuguqulwa kweetekisi.
• Inika ezinye iifayile ukutshintsha inkangeleko yeefoto zakho.
• Inobubanzi iziphumo kwikhathalogu kunye nonyango lwemifanekiso.

Kananjalo unalo ithuba lokuba vula umfanekiso, Ukwenza oku, kufuneka siqale inkqubo kwaye kufuneka siye kuyo Ifayile> Vula. Ukucofa kuyo kuya kubonisa iwindow encinci enazo zonke iifolda onazo kwikhompyuter yakho.

Enye inketho cima umfanekiso, ngale ndlela kufuneka sivule umfanekiso kuqala kwaye sicofe kukhetho herramientas (ibekwe phezulu kwesikrini) kwaye kanye siya kukhangela ukhetho lwezixhobo guqula> lungisa. Ukukhetha olu khetho kuya kuvula ifestile ebizwa ngokuba yi "options" kwaye siya kucofa kwibhokisi ethi "fixed" ukuze sikwazi ukukhetha ukusika.

Okokugqibela, kunomdla ukwazi ukuba ungayilungisa imibala, ukuba, njengoko ufunda, ngomfanekiso osikiweyo kwaye uvuliwe kuya kufuneka siye kukhetho lwe "Colors" kwaye nje ukuba sikhethe ukhetho siya ku-Auto> Ibhalansi emhlophe

Njengoko ubona, sisixhobo esinokwenza ngayo yonke into, ngoku njengoko usazi ngakumbi nge-Gimp, ixesha lifikile lokuba isifundo siqale kwaye singene kwimeko.

Inyathelo 0: Clone Tool

Ngaba ukhe weva ngesi sixhobo? Kulungile ke, siza kukwazisa kuyo. Isixhobo se-cloning luhlobo lwebrashi esetyenziselwa ukukopa umfanekiso okanye ipateni. Inosetyenziso oluninzi, enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo kukulungisa iingxaki kwiindawo okanye kwimiphezulu yefoto yedijithali, ezi mpumelelo ukupeyinta kwi nabo ngolwazi lweepixels (i-tonality) yezinye iindawo.

Ukusebenzisa esi sixhobo kwaye usisebenzise kumfanekiso, kufuneka sixelele i-Gimp ukuba ngowuphi umfanekiso ofuna ukuwukopa. Le ntshukumo yenziwa ngokubamba isitshixo Ctrl kwaye ucofa kumfanekiso wemvelaphi ofunekayo.

Kuyenzeka kwakhona ukufanisa kuwo nawuphi na umzobo okanye umzobo (umaleko, imaski yomaleko, okanye isitishi) kunye nawo nawuphi na omnye umzobo. Ukudibanisa okanye ukusuka kwimaski yokukhetha kunokwenzeka ngokutshintshela kwimowudi yemaski ekhawulezayo.

Inyathelo 1: Vula isixhobo

Ukwenza isixhobo sisebenze, kuyimfuneko ukuba siye kwimenyu kwaye ukhethe ukhetho izixhobo> izixhobo zokupeyinta> clone. 

Enye inketho ngokunqakraza kwi icon yesixhobo, kwibhokisi yesixhobo

Kwaye ukuba ufuna ukwenza inkqubo ngokukhawuleza, cofa nje iqhosha u-C.

Inyathelo 2: Iinketho zesixhobo

Nje ukuba sisebenze isixhobo esisidingayo ukuze sisebenze, siqhubela phambili ukuzazisa kwiinketho ezahlukeneyo esizinikezelayo. Ukuya kwezi zikhetho, kuyimfuneko ukuya kwintengiso efakwe ngaphantsi kwebhokisi yesixhobo. Kwimeko apho singenayo le festile ivelelayo, siya kukhetho lweWindows> Iincoko ezibhalwe phantsi> Iinketho zesixhobo kunye nefestile ephumayo iya kuvula.

Kuzo zonke ezi zikhetho kukho:

• Indlela
• Ukungaboni kakuhle
• Ibrashi
• Tamaño
• Umgangatho wento
• I-engile kunye nesithuba
• Ukuqina, amandla kunye neenketho zakho
• Amandla
• UJittler
• Umkhondo ogudileyo
• Kwaye ukulungisa ibrashi emehlweni

Nje ukuba sikhethe phakathi kwazo zonke ezi ndlela, kufuneka sikhethe phakathi kwefonti okanye ulungelelwaniso. Ukuba awuyazi ukuba zeziphi ezi ndlela zimbini, siya kukucacisela ngezantsi.

Inyathelo lesi-3: ifonti okanye ulungelelwaniso

Fuente

Ukuba sikhetha ukhetho lomthombo, idatha ikopishwa ngepatheni eboniswe kwindawo ephezulu okanye ngomnye wemifanekiso evulekileyo.

Ukuba ukhetha enye ucinga njengemvelaphi, kuya kufuneka sixelele udweliso lwenkqubo ukuba loluphi umaleko emalusetyenziswe njengemvelaphi, oku kuphunyezwa ngesitshixo ctrl kwaye kufuneka icinezelwe phambi kokupeyinta ngesixhobo.

Kukhetho lwe iphethini, ukunqakraza kwisimboli yepateni kuzisa incoko yababini yomzekelo, ongayisebenzisa ukukhetha ipateni yokupeyinta ngayo. Olu khetho luyimfuneko kuphela ukuba udibanisa kwipatheni njengomthombo.

En isampuli edibeneyo sisebenza kwinto esiyibonayo isixhobo kwaye siyibumba ngokuthe ngqo. Ukuba ayikhangelwanga, sisixhobo kuphela esiya kukhetha umaleko okhethiweyo.

Ukulungelelanisa

Imo yokulungelelanisa inomdla kakhulu, kuba imisela ubudlelwane phakathi kwendawo yebrashi kunye nendawo yemvelaphi. Umfanekiso wemvelaphi usetyenziswa ukusuka apho isampuli ithathwe khona ukuze ifane kunye nomfanekiso wendawo apho isampuli iya kwenziwa i-cloned, oko kukuthi, (inokuba ngumaleko kumfanekiso wemvelaphi).

Ukuba endaweni yoko ukhetha imo akukho namnye, i-brushstroke nganye iya kuphathwa ngokwahlukileyo. Kwi-stroke nganye, indawo apho icinezelwe khona kuqala ikhutshelwa kwifonti yomthombo, oko kukuthi, akukho budlelwane phakathi kwesinye isibetho kunye nesinye. Ngokwahlukileyo, kwimo engalungelelanisiweyo, imivumbo yebhrashi eyahlukileyo iqhele ukungqubana ukuba ziyadibana.

Indlela zilungelelanisiwe, unqakrazo lokuqala xa umzobo umisela i-offset phakathi komfanekiso wemvelaphi kunye nesiphumo se-cloning, kwaye zonke izibetho ezilandelayo ziya kusebenzisa i-offset efanayo. Ngale ndlela ungasebenzisa imivumbo yebhrashi emininzi njengoko uthanda, kwaye ziya kudibanisa kakuhle kunye.

Ukuba ufuna ukutshintsha i-offset, khetha imvelaphi entsha ngokunqakraza ngemouse kunye nesitshixo. Ctrl kanye.

Indlela bhaliswe, yahlukile kwezinye iindlela zolungelelwaniso. Xa umzekelo, iikopi zomfanekiso, cofa lomyalelo Ctrl iya kubhalisa umaleko wemvelaphi. Ke ukupeyinta kumaleko ekujoliswe kuwo kuya kulinganisa ipixel nganye ehambelanayo (ipixel ene-offset efanayo) ukusuka kumaleko womthombo. Kuyathakazelisa xa ufuna ukudibanisa iinxalenye zomfanekiso ukusuka kwelinye umaleko ukuya komnye kumfanekiso ofanayo. Ngokubetha ngakunye kwebrashi, ifonti ithatha indawo yesalathisi semouse kumaleko ekujoliswe kuwo.

Kwaye ekugqibeleni, sinemo emiselweyo, le mowudi evumelayo kukupeyinta ngomthombo womthombo, yahluke kakhulu kwimo engabikho kwaye elungelelanisiweyo kuba iyahluka xa izoba kumgca kuba into okanye umthombo awuhambi. .

Isiphelo

Ngamafutshane, Gimp Sisixhobo esiziqhelanisa kakuhle kakhulu kwimeko yokungabi nantlawulo yeprimiyamu efana ne-Adobe Photoshop. Ngumkhondo okhawulezayo ukuba ujonge ukuba yingcali yoyilo kwaye awazi ukuba ungaqala njani okanye awunazo iindlela zaneleyo zokuqalisa.

Eyona nto ichukumisayo malunga nesixhobo se-clone kukuba ungapeyinta indawo yomfanekiso ngaphezulu kwenxalenye yomfanekiso ofanayo okanye ngaphezulu kwenye indawo yalo naluphi na uxwebhu olunombala ofanayo emva kokuwukhetha ngemiyalelo. Alt + cofa. Usenokupeyinta inxalenye yomnye umaleko phezu komnye umaleko. Esi sixhobo siluncedo ukuphinda izinto okanye ukususa iziphene kumfanekiso.

Njengoko ubonile, kulula kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa kunye nokuphatha, ukucofa nje kube kanye kwaye ungangena kwaye ulahlekelwe phakathi kwamawaka ayo okhetho.

Unesibindi sokuyisebenzisa, cofa nje apha kwaye uqale ukudala.