Umfanekiso yeyona nto iphambili nesisiseko somsebenzi, kodwa Wakhe wazibuza ukuba yintoni umfanekiso kwaye ufikelela njani kwingqondo yethu? Kweli nqaku ndingathanda ukwabelana nawe ngesishwankathelo esimalunga nenkqubo esifumana kuyo imifanekiso kunye nothelekiso olukhoyo phakathi kwenkqubo yezinto eziphilayo (ubuchopho kunye neliso lomntu) kunye nenkqubo yedijithali (kodwa kunye neanalog) kwiifoto kunye nevidiyo iikhamera.
Uluvo esinalo lwehlabathi, ukuqonda kwethu okwenyani, okusingqongileyo kunye nathi, kungenxa yenxalenye enkulu yokungenelela kweenkqubo ezifanayo (okanye iinkqubo zoomatshini), nangona kukho ukungafani. Iifizoloji kunye nabaphengululi bale meko baye bagcina kuyo yonke imbali yokuba umbono womntu unamanqaku amaninzi ngokufanayo kunye neenkqubo zedijithali enkosi apho iifoto okanye iikhamera zevidiyo kunye nezikena zifota imifanekiso. Kwaye ayinakuba yenye indlela, umzimba womntu ngowona mshini ugqibeleleyo nonamandla emhlabeni, bekuya kuba sisidenge ukungawuthathi njengesalathiso xa uqalisa ukwenza iinkqubo zokubamba nokuzala imifanekiso. Ngandlela thile, umbono womntu yinkqubo "yedijithali", kwaye oku ndikuthetha kumanqaku okucaphula kuba kuyacaca ukuba zininzi kakhulu umahluko phakathi kwezi thelekiso zimbini, kodwa kalukhuni izinto zenkqubo zinomsebenzi ofanayo ngokulula.
Cinga ngesixhobo esenziwe ngenkqubo ye-autofocus entsonkothileyo eyenza ukukhanya kuboniswe kwizinto kudonga olungasemva lwebhokisi. Olu donga luzaliswe zii-sensors ezincinci, nganye nganye ibamba indawo encinci yomfanekiso. Khawufane ucinge ukuba ezi zivamvo zithumela idatha efunyenwe kwiprosesa ekwaziyo uku-odola icandelo ngalinye lolwazi kwisenzi ngasinye ukwenza umfanekiso. Ngokungaqhelekanga umfanekiso kunye nomxholo oza engqondweni yile yekhamera yokufota Kulungile?
Kwaye ukuba inzwa yekhamera yenziwe ziiseli ezincinci, nganye nganye ifumana ulwazi malunga nenxalenye encinci yomfanekiso. Ngokwenyani sithetha ngengxowa mali, ekwabelana ngayo ngesakhiwo esifana neso sichazwe nje kwiikhamera zedijithali. Emehlweni ethu kukho uthotho lwezivamvo zebhayoloji ezibizwa ngokuba zii-photoreceptors, ezimile okwe khoni kunye nentonga, ethi, ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo ze-photochemical, yaphule umfanekiso eziwufumanayo ube ziingcezu ezincinci zedatha. Olu lwazi ludluliselwa kwimithambo-luvo ye-optic, ephelela kwingqondo, enjongo yayo ikukubuyisela yonke idatha ukwenza imifanekiso epheleleyo. Iicones zinoxanduva lombono wombala kunye nombono ophakathi; Bafuna ukukhanya okuhle ukuze basebenze. I-swabs ikhathalela umbono wembonakalo kwaye inokusebenza ekukhanyeni okungaphantsi.
Umfanekiso yindlela yokuqonda ubunyani obuvela kukuhanjiswa kokukhanya. Xa sifumana umfanekiso, asifumani mfanekiso mbini wezinto, oveliswa xa ukukhanya kudlula kwilensi kwaye kuqikelelwa kumphezulu. Inkqubo yombono ilula kakhulu, into ebalulekileyo eyenza ukuba yonke le nkqubo yenzeke ilula. Ukukhanya kubonakalisiwe ngaphandle kwezinto, kwaye kujolise kwiliso, ayikho enye into ngaphandle kwelensi yokufota enzima kakhulu emazantsi emulsion yebhayoloji. Izinto ezahlukeneyo zinamandla ahlukeneyo okubonisa ukukhanya, kwaye kuxhomekeke kubude bebude obubonisiweyo, (khumbula, umzekelo, ukuba into emnyama eyenzayo ifunxa ukukhanya ngelixa umhlophe uyibonisa ukuba uvelisa isixa esikhulu) unombala omnye okanye omnye kwaye unamandla aguqukayo. . Kwaye oko kuthathela ingqalelo konke oku, xa uthimba imifanekiso umntu wenze izixhobo ezilinganisa indlela yokuziphatha kweliso lomntu. Iikhamera ze-Analog zokufota kunye neekhamera ze-cinematographic ziinkqubo zenkqubo yeelensi ezikhanyisa ukukhanya kwi-emulsion yesilivere. Idijithali kunye neekhamera zevidiyo zenza into efanayo, kodwa bafaka umfanekiso kumfanekiso wokubamba umfanekiso obizwa ngokuba I-CCD (iXhobo eliDibeneyo eliDibeneyo). Ezi ziisekethe ezidityanisiweyo ezisebenzisa ithuba lezinto ezithile zeemiconductor ukuvelisa umqondiso wombane xa zifumana iifoto. IiCCDs, ezenziwa ngamawakawaka eeseli ezincinane eziqokelela ukukhanya, ziwuqhekeza umfanekiso ukuya kumawaka amaqhekeza amancinci. Zenziwe ziiseli ezincinci, nganye irekhoda kwaye idlulise ulwazi oluhambelana nesiqwenga esinye somfanekiso, ngokungathi sisiphazili.
Ngaba unomdla? Nanku umzekeliso osishwankathela kakuhle esi faniso kwaye esenza ukuba siqonde ngokucacileyo ukuba yintoni ukusebenza kweekhamera.
