Kuthekani ukuba i-PNG, i-JPG, i-GIF... Ngaba zivakala ziqhelekile kuwe? Ziifomathi zemifanekiso kwaye inyaniso kukuba zininzi, nganye ineempawu zayo kunye nokusetyenziswa okukhethekileyo. Kodwa ngaba ukhe wema ukuze ucinge ngayo?
Ukuba awuyenzanga loo nto, njengoyilayo, unomdla. Yiyo loo nto sifuna ukukunika a indlela ukuze wazi iifomati zomfanekiso ezahlukeneyo kwaye uyazi ukuba yeyiphi eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokusetyenziswa kwayo nganye. Ngaba siya kuqala?
Iifomathi zemifanekiso, zingaphi?
Ukuba usebenza ngemifanekiso, okanye uya kukwenza oko kwixesha elizayo, kubalulekile ukuba wazi indlela yokwahlula nganye kuzo kwaye wazi indlela yokufumana okuninzi kuyo. Ke ngoko, kuya kufuneka wazi zonke ezo zikhoyo.
Bmp
Ukuba sele uneminyaka embalwa ubudala kwaye uqale ukungcolisa kwi-Intanethi, ukukhuphela imifanekiso, njl. Kunokwenzeka ukuba le fomati yomfanekiso iqheleke kakhulu kuwe. Kwaba yinto eyaziwayo kwi-90s kwaye imifanekiso emininzi efunyenwe inolu lwandiso.
Ewe ibikhona ingxaki kubo. Kwaye kunjalo Imifanekiso ye-BMP (okanye i-bitmap) ibinzima kakhulu kuba ibingaxinzelelwanga. Oku kunento exhasayo, kwaye oko kukuba abazange baphulukane nesisombululo okanye umgangatho.
Kodwa kwelinye icala, ekubeni babethatha indawo eninzi, ngamanye amaxesha ayengenzeki.
Okwangoku, le yenye yeefomati zemifanekiso engasasetyenziswayo.
JPG
Ifomathi ye jpg okanye jpeg yenye yezona zidumileyo nezisetyenziswayo. Yayikhona nakwi-90s, kodwa ngamanani amancinci. Nangona kunjalo, oku kutshintshile kwiminyaka kwaye ngoku yenye yezona zibonakala zibonakala kwimifanekiso.
Iphawuleka ngo Uxinzelelo olungachaphazeli umgangatho womfanekiso kakhulu. Ngamanye amazwi, kukho "ingqiqo" ibhalansi phakathi komgangatho kunye nobukhulu okanye ubunzima bomfanekiso.
Ngenxa yoku, yifomati esetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimidiya yedijithali kuba inika umgangatho olungileyo ngaphandle kokuchaphazela ukulayishwa komfanekiso.
PNG
Umahluko omkhulu ngokubhekiselele kulowo wangaphambili kukuba ifomathi ye-png inento ebizwa ngokuba yi "alpha channel" engekho nto ngaphandle kokuba kunokwenzeka ukuba imvelaphi yomfanekiso ibonakale.
Into onokuthi ungayazi yileyo I-PNG ivela kwi-GIF. Kunjalo ke. Kwi-1995, kunye ne-GIF compaction algorithm, i-Adobe izimisele ukuphucula loo fomati yomfanekiso kwaye iphumelele enye engcono ngakumbi. Ngaloo ndlela, kwavela iPNG.
Kwaye ewe, ukuba indaleko yenze ukuba iphulukane nokuba nokwenzeka kokuxhasa oopopayi, kodwa ngokutshintshiselana ifumene amandla okuba nemifanekiso enemvelaphi ebonakalayo, ibe nokwahluka kombala omkhulu kune-GIF, okanye umgangatho ophezulu kakhulu kunye nokuqina okusebenzayo (ubunzima obuphantsi kodwa umgangatho ophezulu. ).
Ngokumalunga nokusetyenziswa kwayo, ikakhulu Yenzelwe iiprojekthi zemifanekiso yedijithali, iikholaji, iilogo, njl. ezifuna ukuba imvelaphi icace.
GIF
Ukuthetha nge-GIF, le yenye yeefomati zemifanekiso ethandwa kakhulu, ngakumbi ngenxa yokuba kunokwenzeka ukwenza oopopayi kwimifanekiso kunye nokwabelana ngayo.
I-akhronim ibhekisa kwiFomathi yoTshintsho lweMizobo (okanye into efanayo, ifomathi yotshintshiselwano ngemizobo).
Iphawuleka kuba Kukho uxinzelelo oluphezulu lomfanekiso ngaphandle koku kuchaphazela kakubi umgangatho. Ngoku, kufuneka ndithathe "ngezicaphulo." Kwaye inemibala engama-256 kuphela, okuthetha ukuba, xa umfanekiso unzima, kuninzi okulahlekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ngexesha labo zazisetyenziselwa izinto ezimbini kuphela:
- Xa ubufuna umfanekiso ube nemvelaphi ecacileyo.
- Xa ubufuna ukwenza oopopayi. Ewe, ii-memes, ii-GIFs ... kwaye ngokubanzi nawuphi na umfanekiso owawunokunyakaza.
Ngesi sizathu, ukusetyenziswa kwayo ngokwemifanekiso bekungadumanga kangako (kuba yiyo loo nto kwakhethwa iJPG), kodwa ibiyeyemifanekiso eshukumayo okanye eshukumayo.
TIFF
Le fomati yomfanekiso yenye oya kuyidinga ukuba uqhelane nayo ukuba usebenza ekushicileleni. Kwaye, ukuprinta, ifomathi yenye yezona zilungileyo kuba igcina isisombululo semifanekiso kunye nokwenzeka kokuseka nokugcina umsebenzi kwiileya.
Ingxaki? Eziphi iifayile ezinzima kakhulu. Ngaphandle koko, Kwibhrawuza le fomati ayiqhelekanga ukufundwa, ngoko ke ayinakusetyenziswa kwimidiya yedijithali.
Njengoko besitshilo kuwe, ilungele kuphela ukuprinta okanye ukugcina iiprojekthi zomsebenzi apho ufuna ukugcina zonke iileya osebenze kuzo (ukuba ufuna ukutshintsha inkcukacha enye yomsebenzi).
SVG
Enye ifomathi ekwanxulumene noshicilelo yi-SVG, okanye ngamanye amagama, imizobo yevektha eScalable. Njengoko igama libonisa, Sithetha ngefomathi yevektha enophawu lokukwazi ukuba noopopayi kwaye ube nesayizi encinci kakhulu (icinezelwe kakuhle kakhulu) ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ngumlinganiselo.
Ungazibona ezi vectors kwizikhangeli, kodwa hayi kwiinethiwekhi zentlalo.
EPS
Ukuba ukhe walubona ulwandiso lwe-EPS kufuneka wazi ukuba ngoku luthotyiwe. Yi Encapsulated PostScript eyayisetyenziswa ikakhulu kwimizobo yevektha.
Kwakunjalo yenziwe ngu-Adobe, kodwa yabekw' ecaleni ngokukhawuleza kuba enye ifomathi igqithe kwaye yaphucuka. Eyiphi? Siza kukuxelela ngoko.
Asiphosisanga. Ulwandiso lwePDF lukwathathelwa ingqalelo njengefomathi zemifanekiso, nangona kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba ungacingi ngayo njengefomathi ebonakalayo, kodwa njengoxwebhu okanye ifomathi yokubhaliweyo.
I-PDF ibhekisa kwifomathi yoxwebhu oluphathekayo, oko kukuthi, ifomathi yoxwebhu oluphathwayo, kungoko ayicingelwanga njengefomathi yomfanekiso. Nangona kunjalo, injongo Adobe Xa wayeyidala ngo-1993, yayiza kuba nefomathi yendalo yonke eya kuvumela ii-vectors, imifanekiso, iitekisi ukuba zigcinwe, eziza kuba namaphepha amaninzi kunye nemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo iya kongezwa.
Kwaye inyaniso kukuba iphumelele, kuba isetyenziselwa ukugcina iifayile zokuprinta, ii-ebooks, iikhava, iincwadana, njl.
Njengoko ubona, zininzi iifomati zemifanekiso kwaye nganye inendlela ekhethekileyo yokufumana okuninzi kuyo. Ukuzazi kunokukunceda wenze umsebenzi wakho usebenze ngakumbi. Yeyiphi oyisebenzisa rhoqo? Sikufunda kwizimvo.