Uma kunesici esicacile futhi esingenakunqotshwa sezwe lomklamo wemidwebo, kungukuthi kuyisiyalo esincanyana impela ngokumelene nalokhu okungabonakala ngathi. Kodwa-ke, sibe nenhlanhla enkulu yokuba khona ngesikhathi sempilo yakhe emfushane iminikelo ebabazekayo yenani elikhulu labachwepheshe nabadwebi bemidwebo abavela emhlabeni wonke. Amakhanda abonakalayo impela futhi izinganekwane ezizosala ezizelwe lokho kusenze safunda okwengeziwe ngomhlaba womklamo nokuthi, ngaphandle kokungabaza, sibonga bonke, namuhla ukwakheka kuyikho.
Ngezansi sabelana ngenhla kwe- abakhi bezithombe eziyishumi ezibalulekile ukuthola umbono ocebile futhi ovuthiwe wesiyalo sethu:
Paul rand
Cishe ngo-1914 wazalelwa eBrooklyn futhi waqonda masinyane ukuthanda kwakhe isithombe nobuciko ngakho-ke waya esikoleni sobuciko eNew York futhi kamuva iPratt Institute kanye neParsons School of Design. Yize eqeqeshwe ngokusemthethweni nangokwezemfundo, akazange athole abakhuthazi abenele kulezi zikhungo zemfundo ngakho-ke wakhetha ukuba ngumculi ozifundisayo futhi wathola ugqozi kweminye yemagazini yaseYurophu, ezizwa ekhangwa yimisebenzi eyenziwe ngu-AM Cassandre noLazlo Moholy-Nagy. Yize engumculi onezici eziningi oseke wathinta izindawo ezahlukahlukene zokwakhiwa, uthole ukuhlonishwa okukhethekile ngomsebenzi wakhe wobumbano wezinkampani ezinjenge-IBM, ABC noma iWestinghouse.
USaul Bass
Ngokuzalwa kukaNew Yorker, wathuthela eLos Angeles eneminyaka engama-25 eyofunda i-Graphic Design futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi wenza umsebenzi wokuphrinta nowokunyakaza. Nginesiqiniseko sokuthi uke wabona ezinye zezinto azidalile njengoba esebenze kumabhayisikobho afana ne-Psycho, Anatomy of a Murder, Spartacus noma The Man with the Golden Arm.
UHerb Lubalin
Ubizwe kaningi njengomkhulu we-typography. Usebenze njengomqondisi wezobuciko isikhathi sakhe esiningi esisebenzayo kufaka phakathi nango-1962 iNational Society of Art Directors emqambe ngokuthi nguMqondisi Wezobuciko wonyaka. Njengabalingani bakhe abaningi nontanga yakhe, wayekwazi ukwenza izinto eziningi, kepha wagqama ngomsebenzi wakhe wokuthayipha futhi ikakhulukazi umqondo awuthola ngawo. Phakathi kweminikelo yakhe eminingi, uqokomisa ukubaluleka kwezincwadi kanye nokuzicabangela kwakhe njengabasebenzeli bokuhamba kanye nokuguqulwa kombhalo ube yimifanekiso nemiyalezo enothisa kakhulu nenengqondo.
UGeorge lois
Uzinikele yena emkhakheni wezokukhangisa nowobuciko. Ngokuqinisekile uzomazi ngomsebenzi wakhe wenethiwekhi yeMTV yize eke wasebenzela nemikhankaso kaJiffy Lube. Ubuye wasebenza njengomqondisi wezobuciko kumagazini ohlonishwayo we-Esquirre lapho abesebenza khona futhi eqondisa inani elikhulu lamakhava. Lo mbhali mhlawumbe ungomunye wabamele iminyaka ekhangayo yokukhangisa.
U-Alexey Brodovitch
Wazalwa e-1989 eRussia, yize athuthela e-US cishe ngo-1930. Umbhali wethu wayengumdwebi wezithombe, uthisha nomthwebuli zithombe. Ubhekwa ngumphakathi njengomunye wamaphayona ekwakhiweni kokuhlela njengoba sazi namuhla. Ngesikhathi somsebenzi wakhe wobungcweti usinikeze amagugu angapheli, amaningi awo akhona kumagazini kaHarper's Bazaar lapho asebenze khona isikhathi esingaphezu kwamashumi amabili eminyaka.
UBradbury Thompson
Ngokusobala ungomunye wabadwebi bezithombe abanethonya kakhulu bangemva kwempi. UBradbury uvuselele imidiya yokuphrinta ngokwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwesithombe sokuphrinta ngomqondo othile futhi eshiya amathuba amaningi evulekele isizukulwane esilandelayo sabadwebi bezithombe. Phakathi kweminikelo yakhe kukhona nemiklamo yakhe yomagazini iVictory noma iMademoiselle magazine. Wayengumphathi wezokuklama e-Art News naku-Art News Annual. Wenza inguquko yokushicilela futhi wasungula iMonoalphabet lapho aqeda khona umkhuba wokuhlukanisa amafomu wezinhlamvu ezinkulu nezincane.
UMilton Glaser
Akungabazeki ukuthi ungomunye wabadwebi abachume kakhulu bekhulu lama-300 ovelele ngemiklamo yakhe yamarekhodi noma izincwadi. Phakathi kwamaphosta alo angaphezu kwama-XNUMX kukhona elikaBob Dylan odumile, uphawu lwamashumi ayisithupha. Ubuye futhi wazinikela ekwakhiweni kokuhlela okusebenzela iParis Macht, L'Express, Esquire noma iLa Vanguardia kanye nobunikazi bezinkampani okwenza i-DC Comics noma uphawu lweGrand Union. Esinye sezidalwa zakhe eziyizifanekiselo, umkhankaso i-I Love New York uyaqhubeka ngaphandle kokulimala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okusikhumbuza ubukhulu bombono wakhe.
UCipe Pineles
Ufunde ePratt Institute ukuthola umfundaze ngemuva nje kokuthweswa iziqu okwamsiza ukuthi aqhubeke nezifundo zakhe futhi kamuva waqala ukusebenza njengomqambi eContempora. Wayengelutho futhi engaphansi komqondisi wokuqala wobuciko besifazane e-United States futhi wasebenzela amafemu amakhulu afana neVanity Fair, iGlamour noma iVogue.
Lillian bassman
Umbhali wethu uguqule ukuthwebula izithombe zemfashini kwaba uhlobo lomdwebo olunemiphumela ecacile yobuciko nopulasitiki. Indlela yakhe yokubona izithombe nokuyithwebula ngokusebenzisa i-lens nomthwalo wakhe oqinile kwezobuciko akuzange kuguqule nje kuphela imigomo yezithombe eyasungulwa ngawo-XNUMX, kodwa futhi kwamenza waphokophela njengomtholi. Usebenze njengomhleli wesithombe kumagazini kaHarper's Bazaar iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amabili.
Alvin lustig
Wayengumqambi wezithombe nemidwebo ye-typographic odabuka eMelika futhi ngokusobala wayeyiphayona lomklamo wesimanjemanje nophakeme kakhulu. Ukholelwe ngokuqinile emandleni okuklama futhi wawukhipha kwamanye ubukhulu enenkolelo yokuthi kufanele asebenze kuzo zonke izingxenye zempilo. Ngesikhathi somsebenzi wakhe wafaka isandla ekwakhiweni kwenani elikhulu lezincwadi, omagazini, izindwangu, izikhangiso, izinhlu zezentengiso kanye ne-etcetera ende. Usebenze kwaze kwaba ngu-1946 kumagazini ohlonishwayo i-Look futhi wayezwela ezimisweni zeBauhaus. Ngokwakhe, abaklami kumele balandele indlela ebanzi emsebenzini wabo futhi bafeze ukwakhiwa kwazo zonke izici zephrojekthi, noma ngabe injani.
