U-Ephreli Greiman waziwa njenge- umdwebi wezithombe owazalelwa e-united states ngonyaka we-1948.
Ngenxa yokuba nentshisekelo nokubalulekile, wabonwa njengomunye wabasunguli bokuqala ukwenza lokho ikwazile ukufaka amakhompyutha nezinsimbi zedijithali bakwazi ukuthuthukisa umsebenzi wabo, benza ucwaningo ngenani elikhulu lamathuba abangawanikeza nokubona amandla amakhulu okufanele asetshenziswe ekwakhiweni kwemidwebo. UGreiman ukwazile ukuthuthukisa emisebenzini yakhe isitayela esithile kulokho okwaziwa kamuva ngokuthi New Wave, isiphakamiso sokuqhafaza esaphula imicabango yesitayela saseSwitzerland noma singabhekwa futhi njengesinyathelo sokuya kokunye okwengeziwe ngemuva kwalesi sitayela.
greiman waqala izifundo zakhe eKansas City Art Institute Ekupheleni kweminyaka engamashumi ayisikhombisa ezolekelelwa iminyaka embalwa eshubile eKunstgewerbeschule eBasel noWolfgang Weingart owaziwayo.
Ngaleyo minyaka, uWeingart waqala ukungabaza imigomo ethile eyayimkhuthaze ku- indlela yesimanje yokunyakaza, njengokusetshenziswa okuqinile kwegridi noma njengokuhlanzeka kwesikhala esinamacala amabili esingathintwa. Ukuba umfundi kaWolfgang Weingart no-Armin Hoffman kula ma-70 okuqala, uGreiman uzinikele ekuhloleni i-International Style ngokujulile, kanye nalokhu kuhlolwa ngendlela yomuntu siqu nguWeingart futhi kususelwa ekwakhiweni kobuhle obungaveza kancane ifa lesimanjemanje futhi kwaqondiswa kunguquko engaphezulu kwezimboni emphakathini.
greiman waqala ukusebenza eTaxi Project of the Museum of Modern Art eNew York maphakathi namashumi ayisikhombisa, kwaklanywa ukushicilelwa kanye nanoma iyiphi enye into yokwazisa eyanikezwa.
Ngo-1976 wathuthela eLos Angeles ukuhlinzeka ngokubambisana eCalifornia Institute of The Art, lapho ahlangana khona nomthwebuli wezithombe uJayme Odgers, okuyilapho wayenentshisekelo yokuthwebula izithombe bese kuthi ngamakhompyutha.
Ngonyaka we-19684, iMacintosh yayenza ukungena okucashile embusweni we imakethe yokuklama. Ngokuvamile futhi ingxenye enkulu, abaklami bebengabaza impela noma singasho ukuthi siphikisana nombono wokuthi ukwazi ukusebenzisa imishini ekwakhiweni kokuklanywa Futhi ukuthi lokhu, ngandlela thile bekumele ukwesaba okuthile ngekusasa elithile elingavikelekile, lapho ukuthinta kwesandla kuthathwe yimishini yamabhithi nama-byte.
Ukuvelela abashisekeli bamathuluzi nobuchwepheshe Kusukela ebuntwaneni, uGreiman washeshe wazimisa njengephayona emkhakheni wokudizayina. Okunye ukuphawula okwenziwe kwesinye isikhathi bekungukuthi “ukubukeka kwedijithali kungihlaba umxhwele ngendlela efanayo nogwadule”. Lokhu kuthatheka okuvela ekujuleni kobukhona bakhe, ilukuluku lakhe kanye nokuzibuza okungapheli yini ebhebhethekisa leso sifiso sokufuna ukuyihlola futhi kukhuthaze ukuklanywa kwe-avant-garde, okubeka endaweni ephezulu kakhulu yomklamo odidiyelwe eminyakeni yokugcina yekhulu lama-XNUMX, lesi kube yisizathu esamholela ekutheni aqhubeke nomsebenzi wakhe wokuklama, yingakho wamnika indondo ye-AIGA ngonyaka we-1998.
Bekumelela ithuba lapho bekungeke kwethulwe kuphela umsebenzi wakhe wokuqala, kepha futhi nokubuza umbuzo obanzi ngokunabile mayelana nomsebenzi kanye nemvelo.
Ngaphambi kokuthi kuvele lo mbuzo, abaklami balinganisela amafonti nezithombe ze-bitmap hhayi nje njengokungajwayelekile, kepha ngokungamukeleki, kepha ngemuva kokushicilelwa kwe-Desing Quarterly # 133, abaningi baphoqeleka ukuthi bacabangele sebenzisa ikhompyutha ekwakhiweni.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukwakheka kweNew Wave wayenethonya lakhe ku-punk nangombono wolimi lwakamuva. Lokhu kusho indlela ye-typographic edelela ukuguqulwa okuqinile uma kukhulunywa ngegridi.