Namuhla usuku lwezincwadi futhi iyiphi indlela engcono yokulugubha kunokwenza ukhetho oluncane lwemisebenzi emele kakhulu emhlabeni wokuklama imidwebo? Kusukela Creativos Online Sifuna ukuyigubha kanye nawe ngokukhumbula (futhi sincoma uma ungabazi) uchungechunge lwezincwadi ezithakazelisa kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwemidwebo.
Impela usuvele uyazi ezinye zazo, ngoba njengoba ngishilo ziyizinkomba zensimu yethu. Uma unesincomo kunoma yikuphi ukufundwa okungaba nentshisekelo, unganqikazi ukukwenza sitshele ngokuphawula.
- Izakhi zomklamo. Isitayela somhlahlandlela wabadwebi bezithombe kusuka kuTimothy Samara: Yimanuwali ehlaziya ngendlela enembayo isisekelo semikhakha yomsebenzi, kusuka ekuthayipheni kuya ekwakhiweni, ukuphathwa kombala, ukuphathwa kwendawo ... Kule khophi enhle sinikezwa isethi yezeluleko ezifanele kakhulu iphikisana nemigomo yokuklanywa nhlobo, yize kunezinye izindlela ezihlinzekwayo kulezo zindlu lapho "kudingekile" ukweqa izinkambiso ezithile.
- Izinto zizalwa kanjani? Amanothi wendlela yephrojekthi kusuka kuBruno Munari: Mhlawumbe enye yezincwadi ethinta ngokuphelele inqubo yokwakha nokuthuthukisa imibono emisha. Kulomsebenzi, umbhali uhlaziya ngokuhlelekile indlela umklami ayithathayo kusukela ngesikhathi abhekene nenkinga yokusebenza kuze kube yilapho ephrinta futhi elungisa isisombululo sezinto ezibonakalayo.
- Umhlaba wobuciko kusuka eThames naseHudson: Kuluhlu oluhle kakhulu olukhona nasenguqulweni yalo yaseSpain ehlelwe ngu-Ediciones Destino eqoqweni le-El mundo de Arte. Lolu cwaningo olunzulu luphathelene nazo zonke izici eziveza ukwakheka kwanamuhla kunoma yikuphi okwehlukile: ukwakheka kwezithombe, izinto zangaphakathi, imikhiqizo, ukwakhiwa kwezimboni, ifenisha nokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo. Mhlawumbe into ethakazelisa kakhulu ngalolu chungechunge ukuthi umbhali akagcini ngokufunda kuphela abaklami abakhulu bokuqagela umhlaba, kepha futhi ubheka nezinguquko eziningi ezinkulu ezithonye umhlaba wezobuciko kusukela ngo-1900. kuchazwa futhi kuchazwe kanjani ubufazi nokuklanywa okuluhlaza, njengokuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe, izinto ezintsha namasu, nokunyakaza okunethonya elikhulu emasikweni amanje. Umbhalo uqukethe izikhombisi-ndlela namanothi agcwele e-bibliographic, kanye netafula lokulandelana kwezikhathi ezivelele zokuqanjwa.
- Umklamo Wezithombe, Umlando Ofingqiwe kusuka kuRichard Hollis, Thames & Hudson: Mhlawumbe omunye wemisebenzi emihle yokuhlola ukuzalwa, ukuziphendukela kwemvelo, nokubikezela ikusasa lomklamo wezithombe. Isahluko saso sokugcina sihlanganisa yonke imicimbi nezehlakalo ezibe nomthelela emhlabeni jikelele nobuntu obuhle bokudizayina eminyakeni yamuva kanye nomthelela ubuchwepheshe be-digital obube nawo.
- Isichazamazwi Somklamo Wezithombe Nabaklami kusuka ku-Alan Livingston, Isabella Livingston, Thames & Hudson: Lo msebenzi wezinkomba womhlaba wonke uhlinzeka ngemininingwane ebaluleke kakhulu kubalobi bokuthayipha, omagazini, ukunyakaza nezitayela, izinhlangano nezikole, amaphrinta, abaqondisi bezobuciko, intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe, ama-studios wokuklama, abonisa imidwebo kanye nabaculi bezithombe. Izinkomba ezibanzi zesiphambano neshadi lokulandelana kwezikhathi - zichaza ubudlelwano phakathi kokunyakaza, ubuchwepheshe kanye nabaqambi. Ngokuvela kwe-intanethi njengengxenyekazi yobuchwepheshe bokwakha, bokumaketha nokukhangisa, umhlahlandlela obalulekile, ihlala iyincwadi esemqoka yabafundi nochwepheshe emhlabeni jikelele.
- Isichazamazwi Sezobuciko Nabaculi kusuka kuHerbert Read, uNikos Stangos, uThames noHudson: Incwadi yamazwe omhlaba kuze kube manje, lesi sichazamazwi esiboniswe kabanzi sinikeza ulwazi kubaculi abangaphezu kuka-2500 XNUMX, imidwebo, izithombe ezibaziwe, imidwebo, ukuphrinta, izikole nokunyakaza, kufaka phakathi imininingwane ebalulekile kwezobuciko nakubadwebi. Khuluma ngamasu, izinto zokwakha, imigomo, nemibhalo ethinte abaculi. Incwadi ebalulekile yesitatimende somklami wezithombe.
- Ubuciko bombala kusuka kuJohannes Itten: I-classic yokufunda, eqondile futhi ehlanzekile ephelele ukuqonda izimiso eziyisisekelo zombala nokuthi zixhumana kanjani. Enye yamandla ayo ukuthi ihlanganisa umugqa we-thematic nezinto ezahlukahlukene ezidlula umbala uqobo, njengezinkolelo-mbono zeGestalt ezithakazelisayo, ezinjengokuma kanye nokuphikisana.
- I-syntax yesithombe, isingeniso ku-alfabhethi ebonakalayo nguDonis A. Dondis: Lokhu okudala kusethula ohlelweni olujwayelekile lolimi lwesithombe. Kubonakala ngokuhlanganisa ngokuphelele isici sayo sethiyori kanye naleso esiwusizo lapho konke okushiwo kukhonjiswa ngezibonelo ezifakiwe emhlabeni wobuciko nokubukwayo ngokudweba, ukubaza, okulalelwayo noma okwakhiwe.
- Incwadi yezinhlamvu nguJose Luis Martín noMontse Ortuna: Le manuwali igqama ngohlamvu lwayo olumanzi noluphelele ekubhekaneni nomlando wokubhala ngokuthayipha kanye nokuziphendukela kwemvelo kwawo ngezingqopha-mlando ezishintshe inkambo yendaba. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imindeni eyahlukene yamafonti, ukuhlukaniswa kwawo nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokwakhiwa nokwakhiwa nakho kuyahlaziywa futhi kukhonjiswe.
- Umbono wobuhle kusuka kuTheodor Adorno: Le ncwadi yenza ukuvezwa okuthakazelisa kakhulu mayelana nombono womlobi uqobo lapho kuqoqwa khona imiqondo yakhe yobuciko, futhi ezingeni lefilosofi futhi ngaphandle kokulahla isici esingokomlando. Sifanele ukwandisa umkhakha wethu wombono futhi sizicebise ezingeni lomqondo.