Ukube bekufanele sikhulume ngomklamo wezithombe owenzeka kaningi namuhla futhi omele izingqondo zokudala (ngokujwayelekile) zanamuhla ... Ungathini? Yimiphi imisinga yobuciko oyibona njengokujwayela, okuphindaphindwayo futhi ephumelelayo esimeni sobuhle samanje?
Ngokulandelayo sizobona ukunyakaza okuyisihlanu okumelela kahle umklami wezithombe wanamuhla:
- Ubuncane: Ingqikithi yilokho okuchaza ubunikazi bento nokuthi yini enikeza inani nekhwalithi, ukuze konke okungabalulekile kube ukungafuneki, umthwalo, cishe kube yisithiyo. Umqondo wobuncane wasetshenziswa okokuqala ezindebeni zikaRichard Wollheim isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo eminyakeni engamashumi ayisithupha. Imiphumela yesikhathi sakhe yayicacile: Noma iyiphi into eyayinokuqukethwe okuphezulu kakhulu kobuhlakani kepha okuqukethwe okuphansi okusemthethweni kwakukuncane. Ezinye zezici eziphawuleka kakhulu zalo mkhuba wobuciko ukukhipha, umnotho, ukucacisa kanye ne-geometry eyisisekelo emngceleni we-purism yesakhiwo. Konke kubonakala kugxilwe esikhaleni esincane esidingekayo ukuzichaza njengento. Okwamanje ukubonakaliswa okucacile kobuncane bokuklanywa kwemidwebo nokwakhiwa kwewebhu kungumklamo oyisicaba. Le nhlangano ihambisa ngobukhulu obuthathu, imininingwane kanye nama-nuances. Konke kuqoqelwe ekwakhiweni okucacile, ngemibala emsulwa futhi kusetshenziswa kuphela futhi kuphela izakhi eziyisisekelo.
- I-Retro nokuvuna: Yomibili le misinga ivusa izikhathi esezadlula futhi yakhonza amamodeli wobuciko ayebusa ezikhathini zasendulo. Umsuka we-etymological wegama elithi vintage uvela ekuguqukeni kwegama lesiLatini elithi "vindemia" futhi lalisetshenziselwa ukubhekisa ewayinini endala futhi esezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu. Leli gama liguqule futhi leqa imingcele yemfashini, lathola incazelo entsha: Zonke lezo zinto zefenisha, ikhabethe lezingubo noma noma yiluphi uhlobo lwezesekeli ezineminyaka okungenani engamashumi amabili ubudala futhi ezinikela ngobuhle kumanani wesikhathi lapho zazenzelwe khona, kungaba izinsalela eziyiqiniso. Amagugu ezikhathi ezedlule. Kepha igama elithi retro lixubeke negama elithi vintage, okuthi noma linezici eziningi ezijwayelekile, zehluke impela futhi zibhekise kuzindlela ezihlukile. Izinto zokuvuna yiyo yonke leyo misebenzi evela kokudlule ngaphandle kokuthola noma yiluphi uhlobo lokuguqulwa, okungenani azenzanga ukulungiswa okukhulu. Lokhu kungukudala okuvela kwezinye izinkathi ezigcinwe futhi kufana newayini elimnandi, isikhathi sibanikeze inani elikhulayo. Ukudalwa kwe-Retro noma izingoma kuyindalo yamanje, eyenziwa ngezinqubo zamanje kepha kulingiswa imihlahlandlela noma amamodeli enziwa ezikhathini zasendulo. Ngale ndlela, zonke iziphakamiso zemidwebo esizichaza njengabaqambi ziyiziphakamiso ze-retro. Lezi zinkambiso zikhona emhlabeni we-photomanipulation kanye nezithombe njengoba zinjalo ekwakhiweni kwewebhu, ukubhala nokubhala.
- ICubism: Kungumsuka wawo wonke ama-avant-gardes wekhulu lamashumi amabili futhi iqiniso ukuthi kusukela ekubukekeni kwayo iyeke ukukhuluma kancane ukuthi imemezele ngokusemthethweni ikhefu ngomjikelezo wobuciko owedlule. Kubhapathizwa njenge-cubism ngenxa yokusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo kwamacube ukumela noma yini nanoma yimuphi umsebenzi. Ukubuka okuningi kungumthombo oyisisekelo wale nkathi entsha yobuciko. Zonke izingxenye nobuso bezinto zimelwe ngasikhathi sinye, okungukuthi, konke okwaziwayo ngakho kukhonjiswa endizeni efanayo. Lesi sici sezesayensi nezobuchwepheshe sithakazelisa kakhulu ngoba sisebenza ngobuciko ngokombono wokuhlola ngokuphelele nokuthi ngandlela thile sivula umnyango wendawo yonke kanye nomqondo omusha wobuciko. Futhi ukuthi lo mbono usasebenza emiklamweni eminingi, lokho kungubufakazi obungenakuphikiswa bekhwalithi yayo. Ngaphandle kwesikhathi esidlulile, amarekhodi abo kanye neminikelo yabo iyaqhubeka nokuba umkhuba kuzo zonke izinhlobo zeziphakamiso. Singathola izinsalela zikaPicasso, uBlanchard, uBraque noma uGris kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lomsebenzi: Izithombe ezibaziwe, i-cinema, amaphosta wokukhangisa ...
- Ukuqagela: Ngenye yezindawo zobuciko ezikhangayo kakhulu zekhulu lama-XNUMX. Amanani afana noBosco noma uGoya ayephethe ukuvula indlela yokuthi igama elithi surrealism livele kamuva. Isilinganiso esivela kuthisha omkhulu uGoya singakwethula kahle konke lokhu. "Iphupho lesizathu likhiqiza izilo". Kepha sisivumela nini isizathu sethu sokulala nokuphupha? Sizivumela nini ukuthi sizihlukanise nemithetho esungulwe yisayensi, umphakathi namasiko? Mhlawumbe leyo nkululeko evuswa amaphupho ingukudla kwesilo sangempela sokudala esinaso ngaphakathi. Ifa elikhulu kunawo wonke esashiyelwa yiwo wonke lawa mandulo kwakuwukuvukela iqiniso kanye nengqondo. Isizathu sabonakala ngokungazelelwe saba yisitha esikhulu somuntu ngokuyikhawulela futhi sayinciphisa saba sesimweni esiphakathi. Kungumzuzu lapho ukuzilibazisa komcabango nokubaluleka kwamaphupho kulawula imidwebo, i-cinema nobuciko. Ubuphukuphuku bamaphupho nezwe elingenangqondo limelwe ukwamukela zonke izinhlobo zeziphakamiso, noma ngabe zingamangaza kanjani. Namuhla iziveza ngaphezu kwakho konke ekukhohlisweni kwezithombe, emifanekisweni nakulezo zindawo ezivumela inkululeko enkulu futhi ezingaphansi kokwenza okusemthethweni kanye nokufunda.
- I-Hipster: Ngandlela thile, singasho ukuthi ukunyakaza kwe-hipster kuyinhlanganisela yezici eziningana zemisinga edlule. Umnyakazo wamanje noma we-hipster umele kakhulu isimo sentsha yanamuhla. Ekuqaleni yayihlotshaniswa nomculo ozimele kepha njengoba kwenzeka kaningi lo mqondo wagcina uhlanganisa neminye imikhakha yobuciko nomhlaba wobuciko. Uma sikhuluma ngezici zayo eziyinhloko, ivelela ubuciko bayo futhi ihlanganise ingxenye enhle yezithako ezethulwe eminye iminyakazo yangemva kwempi efana ne-beatnik, i-hippie, i-punk ne-grunge. Ekudizayineni imidwebo lokhu kubonakala ngesandla sezakhi ze-retro, ubuncane, ukuzinikela futhi mhlawumbe futhi ne-cubism, yize ngezinga elincane.