Amafayela we-PSD: ukuthi ayini, imvelaphi, indlela yokuwavula kanye nezinzuzo

Amafayela e-PSD angelinye lamafomethi asetshenziswa kakhulu futhi aziwa kakhulu ngabaklami bezithombe nabadali. Ngisho nabalandeli bomklamo abasebenzisa izinhlelo zezithombe ezifana ne-Photoshop.

Kodwa yini oyaziyo ngalezi zinhlobo zamafomethi? Ingabe zingafundwa nge-Photoshop kuphela? Yiziphi izinzuzo nokungalungi abanazo? Uma ungakaze uyihlaziye ngaphambilini noma ucabange ngokuqiniseka ngezinto ezinhle nezimbi lezi abanazo, lapha sikunikeza lonke ulwazi odinga ukukwazi ngakho.

Liyini ifayela le-PSD

Ake siqale ngokuqonda ngokuqinisekile ukuthi ifayela le-PSD lisho ukuthini. Okokuqala, sikhuluma ngefomethi yesithombe. Lokhu kuvame ukusetshenziswa ku-software yokuhlela ye-Adobe Photoshop. I-PSD imele okuthi “Photoshop Document” futhi isetshenziselwa ukugcina imininingwane yedizayini enezingqimba nolwazi lwesithombe.

Izendlalelo zivumela abaklami ukuthi basebenze ezintweni ezihlukene zesithombe ngokwehlukana, okwenza kube lula ukuhlela nokudala imiphumela eyinkimbinkimbi. Ngokwesibonelo, ake ucabange ukuthi udale umfanekiso futhi wenze ingemuva lesendlalelo esisodwa nabantu kwesinye. Uma uyethula ekhasimendeni, likutshela ukuthi abantu abathile badinga ukushintshwa, noma ukuthi ususa abangabathandi.

Uma umdwebo ubungafakwanga izendlalelo, ubuzoba nenkinga yokusula labo bantu ngoba esinye ingemuva singasulwa futhi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma unezingqimba, uthinta kuphela okudingekayo.

Ngaphezu kwezendlalelo, amafayela e-PSD angaphinda afake ulwazi mayelana nemaski, amashaneli e-alpha, okukhethiwe, nezinye izici zokuhlela ezithuthukile.

Kufanele wazi ukuthi amafayela e-PSD ahambisana kuphela nesofthiwe esekela ifomethi ye-PSD, njenge-Adobe Photoshop, i-Adobe Illustrator, nezinye izinhlelo zokuhlela izithombe. Angabuye aguqulelwe kwamanye amafomethi wesithombe avamile, njenge-JPEG noma i-PNG, ukuze asetshenziswe kwezinye izinhlelo namadivayisi. Ngisho nokuwaphrinta, njengoba kudingekile ukuwadlulisela esithombeni, noma ku-PDF, ukuze ukwazi ukwenza kanjalo.

Lazalwa nini ifayela le-PSD?

Ifomethi yefayela le-PSD yethulwa yi-Adobe Systems ngo-1990 njengengxenye yesofthiwe yayo ye-Adobe Photoshop 1.0 yokuhlela izithombe. Ngaleso sikhathi, kwakuyifomethi yefayela ezenzakalelayo eyayisetshenziswa uhlelo ukuze kugcinwe izithombe nokuklama amafayela. Futhi yebo, ingasetshenziswa kuphela kulolu hlelo ngoba abanye abakwazanga ukuyivula, okwenze ukuthi isebenze kuphela nge-Photoshop.

Sekudlule iminyaka eminingi futhi sekunezinhlelo eziningi ezikwazi ukufunda ifomethi ye-PSD, nakuba zilinganiselwe kulokho abangakwenza ngayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ithuthukile kufaka phakathi izici ezintsha nentuthuko.

Uyisebenzisela ini

Ifomethi yefayela le-PSD isetshenziswa kakhulu ekuhleleni izithombe nasekuklanyweni kwezithombe. Kuyifomethi yefayela yomdabu esetshenziswa i-Adobe Photoshop, enye yezinhlelo ezidume kakhulu zokuhlela izithombe emhlabeni. Futhi futhi omunye waziswa kakhulu ochwepheshe.

Futhi kungenxa yokuthi ivumela abaklami ukuthi basebenze ezintweni ezihlukene zesithombe ezendlalelo ezihlukene, okwenza kube lula ukuhlela nokudala imiphumela eyinkimbinkimbi. Iphinde ihlanganise ulwazi lwezikhumba, iziteshi ze-alpha, okukhethiwe, nezinye izici zokuhlela ezithuthukile.

Le fomethi isetshenziswa kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwemiklamo eyingcaca, amalogo, imidwebo, ukugqwayiza nezinye izinto ezibonakalayo ezisetshenziswa ekukhangiseni, ekukhangiseni nasekuklanyweni kwewebhu.

Ungalivula kanjani ifayela le-PSD

Ukuvula ifayela le-PSD kudinga isofthiwe yokuhlela isithombe esekela le fomethi. Okusetshenziswa kakhulu futhi okungowomdabu i-Photoshop (ne-Illustrator), kodwa iqiniso liwukuthi kunezinye izinhlelo ezihambisanayo.

Ngokugxila ku-Photoshop, amafayela we-PSD avulwa kanje:

• Vula i-Adobe Photoshop.
• Chofoza "Ifayela" kubha yemenyu phezulu esikrinini.
• Khetha "Vula" kumenyu eyehlayo.
• Phequlula ifayela le-PSD kukhompyutha yakho bese ulikhetha.
• Chofoza okuthi "Vula" ukuze uvule ifayela ku-Photoshop.
• Manje usungakwazi ukuhlela ifayela le-PSD ku-Photoshop.

Ezinye izinhlelo ezingakusiza yi-Adobe Illustrator, GIMP, kanye nezibukeli zezithombe ezifana ne-FastStone Image Viewer noma i-XnView.

Ungalivula kanjani ifayela le-PSD ngaphandle kwe-Photoshop

Njengoba i-Photoshop iwuhlelo olukhokhelwayo, ayikho inguqulo yamahhala (okungenani hhayi nazo zonke iziqinisekiso), abaningi bakhetha ukusebenzisa ezinye izinketho ukuze bavule lolu hlobo lwefayela. Ezinye zazo yilezi ezilandelayo:

• I-Adobe Photoshop Express: I-Adobe Photoshop Express inguqulo yamahhala neyenziwe lula ye-Adobe Photoshop etholakala ku-inthanethi. Ungalayisha ifayela lakho le-PSD endaweni futhi ulivule ukuze libukwe kanye nezinguquko zokuhlela eziyisisekelo.
• I-GIMP: Iwuhlelo lokuhlela isithombe lomthombo ovulekile lwamahhala nolusekela izinhlobo eziningi zamafomethi wefayela, kuhlanganise ne-PSD. Eqinisweni, abaningi banombono wokuthi ukuncintisana okuqinile kwe-Photoshop futhi kungcono nakakhulu kunalokho. Kodwa kunzima kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa.
• I-Paint.net: Yaziwa kakhulu futhi, nakuba ekuqaleni sasicabanga ukuthi ilahlekile, iqiniso liwukuthi ibuye nomoya ovuselelwe kanye nezici eziningi eziningi kunalokho eyayinakho.

Ubuhle nobubi

Manje njengoba sewazi okwengeziwe mayelana nokuthi ayini amafayela e-PSD, ungathola umbono wokuthi yiziphi amaphuzu aqinile (izinzuzo) zawo kanye nezintekenteke (ezibi)?

Kusukela kulokho esikuhlaziyile, izinzuzo zokusebenzisa amafayela e-PSD ziningi, kodwa sigqamisa lokhu okulandelayo:

• Izendlalelo: Ifomethi ye-PSD ikuvumela ukuthi usebenze izendlalelo ezihlukene, ikwenze kube lula ukuhlela nokulungisa izingxenye ezihlukene zesithombe.
• Ikhwalithi: Isekela izithombe zekhwalithi ephezulu, iyenze ifaneleke ukuhlela izithombe ezichwepheshile kanye namaphrojekthi edizayini eyingcaca.
• Ukuhambisana: kunezinhlelo eziningi ezihambisana nale fomethi, kodwa qaphela, ngoba nakuba kuyinzuzo, kungase futhi kusikhawule lapho usebenza nalawo madokhumenti.
• Ilondoloza Ulwazi: Ifomethi ye-PSD ilondoloza lonke ulwazi lwesithombe, okuhlanganisa izendlalelo, okukhethiwe, imaski, namashaneli e-alpha.

Endabeni yezinkinga, lapha uzobona izici ezithile okufanele uzicabangele:

• Usayizi wefayela: Amafayela e-PSD angaba makhulu impela, ehlise ukusebenza kwekhompyutha yakho futhi enze kube nzima ukugcina nokudlulisa amafayela.
• Idinga isofthiwe ekhethekile: ukwazi ukuvula nokusebenza ngayo.
• Ukuvikelwa Kwelungelo Lobunikazi - Amafayela e-PSD avame ukuqukatha imininingwane ebalulekile yempahla yengqondo, engenza kube nzima ukwabelana ngamafayela nokuhlanganyela kumaphrojekthi wokuklama.

Ingabe amafayela e-PSD acace kakhudlwana kuwe?