Amaphosta we-Typographic

Amaphosta abelokhu ekhona ezimpilweni zethu, ngandlela thize, bebelokhu bebambe iqhaza emicimbini eminingi. Kungakho, kuwo wonke amaphosta, kuhlale kunezakhi ezigqama kakhulu kunezinye.

Kule post sizokwethula emhlabeni we amaphosta we-typographic, futhi ukuze uqonde zisuka nje ukuthi ziyikho, ake sithi ziwuhlobo lwemithombo yezokuxhumana, lapho kugqama khona kakhulu ukuthayipha ngaphezu kwezinye izakhi, njengemibala, izakhi zezithombe (izibalo) njll.

Ngeke nje sikuchaze ukuthi ziyini, kodwa sizokukhombisa ezinye zezibonelo ezinhle kakhulu eziklanywe kuwo wonke umlando.

Saqala.

Iphosta

Iphosta ichazwa njengendlela yokuxhumana yombono othize okufanele ubonwe futhi uqondwe kalula, iphosta ivamise ukusabalalisa ezindaweni ezivakashelwa umphakathi omkhulu kanye nezindawo okudlula kuzo izikhathi eziningi ngakho-ke sincane isikhathi sokuhlaziya ulwazi lwaso. Kuwo wonke umlando wephosta, imisebenzi yayo kanye nezindawo zokusetshenziswa bezilokhu zishintsha futhi zivela, umlando wephosta uxhunywe ekuguqukeni kobuciko bokumelela nokunyathelisa.

Kuwuhlobo lomklamo olusekelwe ekuhlanganiseni okuhlakaniphile kwesithombe nombhalo okwenza isithombe sihehe. Ubuciko bube nomthelela omkhulu kuphosta ngenxa yamandla olwazi esithombe namandla okukhanga onawo, nokho-ke yi-psychology eye yahlola kakhulu enkonzweni yokukhangisa ekuziphatheni okuthonywa izindlela zokubona komuntu .

Yini exhumanayo

Ukwakhiwa kwephosta kuncike njenganoma yimuphi umkhiqizo wokuklama wezinto ezimbalwa:

• Yini ezokwethulwa? (Imibono, imikhiqizo, imicimbi ...)
• Okabani (izethameli eziqondiwe)
• Izindawo lapho izosabalala khona.

Uma lezi zinto sezihlonziwe, umklami uzibhala ngokwakhe ukuze acacise ukuthi umqondo oyinhloko wephosta ubonakala kanjani ezithombeni.

Indima yombhalo njengendlela yolwazi ingeyesibili kuphosta, inomsebenzi wokuqinisa isithombe. Kodwa idizayini isebenzise imibhalo isikhathi esingaphezu kokwakha imilayezo ehambisanayo futhi izuze izithombe eziyela ngasocansini njengezinto eziyinhloko kumaphosta. Lapha ungathola amathiphu kanye nezinto zokusebenza zokusebenzisa i-typography kumiklamo yephosta.

Izinhlobo zamaphosta

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zephosta, lokhu kuyehluka kuye ngokuthi yini ngempela okuhloswe ngayo ukuthi kukhulunywe ngayo nokuthi sikhuluma nobani.

Ulwazi

Yileyo poster ehlelelwe ukuxhumana imicimbi, izingqungquthela, izifundo, imibuthano yokuzijabulisa, imibukiso, njll. Lolu hlobo lwephosta lungathulwa ngombhalo kuphela, okunconyelwe kuwo izinhlamvu ezinkulu kungemuva lombala ohlukile. Imibhalo kufanele inikeze ulwazi oludingekayo kuphela.

Okwakhayo

Isetshenziswa njengendlela yokukhuthaza ukusungulwa kwemikhuba yenhlanzeko, impilo, inhlanzeko, ukuphepha, ukuhleleka, njll. Iphinde isetshenziselwe ukuthuthukisa izimo zengqondo ukuzethemba, umsebenzi, umzamo, ukwazi, njll. 

Iphosta ye-typographic

Iphosta ye-typographic ayiyona into engaphezu kwencazelo esikubonise yona ngaphambilini, kodwa ingeza ukuthi, ngaphandle kokwaziswa ngokuphelele, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi okuwukuphela kwento ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthayipha.

Nawa amanye amaphosta, amafonti awo aziwa kakhulu emkhakheni wokuklama izithombe.

Amaphosta we-Typographic

EBaskerville

Umphumela wokuthuthukisa uhlobo lokubhala oludizayinwe ngu William caslon. Kukhuphule umehluko phakathi kwezinti ezincane nezibanzi, okwenza ama-serif abe bukhali, izinti ezigobile abe yindilinga, nezinhlamvu zivame kakhulu. Umphumela waba ukufundeka okukhulu, isici esiningi kube yisudi engezansi yenhloko-dolobha u-Q kanye nama-serif abhalwe ngomalukeke.

I-Didot

Yakhiwe ngu I-Firmin Didot ngo-1783. Ngaleso sikhathi kanye neminyaka eyi-100, amalungu ahlukahlukene omndeni wakwaDidot asebenza eParis njengabaklami, abanye futhi bengabashicileli, abashicileli bokuthayipha, ababhali noma abaqambi. Ngo-1800 base bephethe isisekelo esibaluleke kakhulu eFrance. UPierre Didot wanyathelisa izincwadi ngamafonti aklanywe umfowabo uFirmin.

Isitayela Esisha SaseRoma Sanamuhla

I-Didot typeface ichaze izici zesitayela esisha sesimanje sesi-Roman nokudonsa kwaso okuma mpo okwedlulele, umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwezinti eziwugqinsi nezincane kanye nama-serif azo aqondile namacici okusinikeza ukubukeka okucacile nokuhle kakhulu. Impumelelo yayo yaba uhlobo lweFrance kanye nendinganiso kazwelonke yezincwadi zesiFulentshi. Kwakuwuhlobo lokubhala olwasetshenziswa u-Giambattista Bodoni ukuze akhe esakhe isiRoma e-Italy, futhi nakuba zifana kakhulu, lezi zamuva zidlulisela ukuqina okukhulu nokuqina kuyilapho i-Didot inhle kakhulu futhi ifudumele.

Lasetshenziswa ukuze kunyatheliswe iBhayibheli lesiLatini ngo-1785 kanye ne-Discours de Bossuet ngo-1786. Eminyakeni elandelayo uDidot wandisa umehluko wohlobo lwakhe futhi uba ukuphela komuntu emlandweni we-typography ukuba aqophe umkhaya wamafonti ngokukhula okuyingxenye yephuzu. .

Igunya lokuthayipha

Lolu hlobo lumenza abe yigunya lokuthayipha eFrance futhi ngenxa yalokho uNapoleon Bonaparte umqoka umqondisi we-Imperial Foundry, isikhundla azosibamba kuze kube sekufeni kwakhe ngo-1836. Uhlobo lwesimanje lweFirmin Didot luba, ngohlobo lweFrance nase izinga likazwelonke lokushicilelwa kwesiFulentshi, futhi nakuba lokhu kwamukelwa kwakungeyona yonke indawo eqinisweni ngisho nanamuhla izincwadi eziningi zilandela imodeli ye-Didot.

UBodoni

Uhlobo lokubhala olubalulekile ngaphakathi kwesitayela sesimanje esavela ekupheleni kwekhulu le-300 futhi elimele isiphetho seminyaka engama-1740 yokuvela kohlobo lokubhala lwamaRoma. Umklami wayo, u-Giambattista Bodoni (Parma, 1813-XNUMX) uqanjwe njengeNkosi Yeziphrinta ngenxa yekhwalithi enhle yamaphrinti akhe.

Impumelelo ye-typographic

Izinguqulo ze-Bodoni zibe yimpumelelo kakhulu ngenxa yekhwalithi yazo enhle kakhulu, kusetshenziswa imifanekiso enothile nezinhlamvu ezinhle zokubhala. Amalungu ezicukuthwane zaseYurophu, abaqoqi kanye nezazi zazijabulela izincwadi zakhe ayezihlanganisela oyinki, esebenzisa iphepha elisezingeni eliphezulu, aklanywe amakhasi amahle, futhi wazinyathelisa futhi wazihlanganisa kahle.

Cishe ngo-1798 i-Bodoni yaklama uhlobo olunomehluko omkhulu kuma-stroke nama-serif amancane ayesho uguquko emphakathini we-typographic futhi lokho kwakuyisiqalo salokho okubizwa ngokuthi uhlobo lokubhala "lwesimanje".

Njengamanje, ngaphezu kwama-25.000 amapuntshi okuqala agcinwe eqoqweni leBodoni Museum eParma (Italy).

I-Bauhaus 93

Idizayinwe nguHerbert Bayer

Umfanekiso walolu hlobo lokubhala waklanywa u-Herbert Bayer, uprofesa esikoleni esidumile sase-Bauhaus e-Dessau, eJalimane, ngo-1925 emizamweni yakhe yokwakha uhlobo lokubhala lwe-Universal.

Idizayini yayo iphendula ekukholelweni nasesitayeleni sesikole, ifuna ukusebenza ekuqedeni izakhi, ishiya ukuthayipha ekubukekeni kwayo okuyisisekelo.

Yakha kabusha ngo-1975

Edgard benguiat kanye Victor caruso baphinde babhala kabusha uhlobo lokubhala ngo-1975 lwe-ITC. Umphumela waba uhlamvu olwakhiwe ngobujamo bejiyomethri, olulula kakhulu futhi oluyisicefe, olubonisa isitayela sangaleso sikhathi kodwa olungazange ludlule uvivinyo lwesikhathi, lulahlekelwa indawo yonke kanye nenjongo eyayikuhlosile.
Ingasetshenziswa kumiklamo ekhumbuza ama-20s kanye nenkathi ye-Art Deco ngemigqa elula.

I-Courier New

Idizayinwe ngu-Howard Bud Kettler ye-IBM

Howard Bud Kettler wenza umklamo wokuqala. Ngo-1955 i-IBM yamgunyaza ukuthi enze uhlobo oluthile lokubhala ngemishini yayo emisha yasehhovisi. Njengoba inkampani yehlulekile ukubhalisa amalungelo okukopisha akhethekile, uhlobo lokubhala lwasakazeka ngokushesha, lwaba indinganiso embonini yokuthayipha.

U-Adrian Frutiger uklama kabusha

U-Adrian frutiger kamuva kwadwetshwa kabusha lolu hlobo lomshini ochungechungeni lwe-IBM Selectric lomshini wokubhala kagesi, kwakha i-Courier New. Eyokugcina, ngosayizi wayo ongu-12 pt, ibiwumthombo osemthethweni wemibhalo yoMnyango Wezwe WaseMelika kuze kube uJanuwari 2004, unyaka eyabhalwa ngawo. ithathelwe indawo yi-14 pt Times New Roman. Izizathu zoshintsho olunjalo zazihlanganisa inhloso "yokwenza kube manje" ukubukeka kanye "nokuthuthukisa ukufundeka" kwemibhalo yabo.

Isiphetho

Njengoba kungenzeka ukuthi ubonile, kunemiklamo eminingi etholakala emithonjeni ehlukene, okuyinto, namuhla esetshenziswa kakhulu ngabadwebi bezithombe.

Kuyathakazelisa ukwazi ukuthi, nakuba bengakhulumi nganoma yiluphi ulwazi olubalulekile, bawusizo kakhulu ekwethuleni izingqungquthela noma emphakathini mayelana nefonti ebonisiwe. Ezikoleni eziningi zokuklama, lezi zinhlobo zamaphosta ziyaqhubeka nokuklanywa, ngoba ukubaluleka okuningi kunamathele njalo ekwakhiweni kwefonti ekhethiwe.

Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, sikukhuthaza ukuthi ukhethe ifonti eyodwa esikubonise yona, noma wenze ukusesha komuntu siqu usebenzisa isiphequluli sakho, bese uqala ukudizayina futhi uzivumele ukuthi uthathwe umklamo wohlobo ngalunye lombhalo, wengeze umbala kuphosta yakho futhi ligcwalise ngokuphila. Uma usunayo, vele udale ukwakheka okuhle futhi ubonise igama lohlobo lwakho lokubhala kuphosta.

Kusobala futhi kulula.

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