Izinombolo ze-F: Abalingani bakho abakhulu ezithombeni zedijithali

Ukukhanya kuyinto yokuqala futhi engenakuphikiswa kunqubo yokuthwebula izithombe, ngakho-ke ukufunda ukuyisebenzisa, ukuyilawula nokuyilawula kungenye yezinto zokuqala okufanele sifunde ukuzenza. Ngenxa yokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi ezifinyeleleka kalula singalawula ukukhanya futhi sikuvumelanise nezidingo zethu ngaphandle komzamo omkhulu futhi kulapho izinombolo ze-F zingena khona.

Nginesiqiniseko sokuthi uke wakuzwa lokho kaningi mayelana Izitobhi ze-F noma uke wazibuza ukuthi iyiphi i-logic noma isixhumanisi esikhona phakathi kwamanani ezinombolo avela kumalensi ekhamera yakho. Empeleni kuyinto elula kakhulu futhi ebhekisa ekulawulweni noma ekusetshenzisweni kokukhanya umshini wethu osebenza ngakho. Ngincoma ukuthi ubheke Lesi sihloko nezinye mayelana nezithombe esinazo kubhulogi yethu ngoba zizokusiza kakhulu ukuqonda ukusebenza kwekhamera yakho nohlelo lwayo lwangaphakathi (ungasebenzisa injini yokusesha evela endaweni engaphezulu kwesokudla). Kunoma ikuphi uma unemibuzo ungahlala ungibhalela ukuphawula.

Ngakho… zisho ukuthini lezi zinombolo?

Siyazi ukuthi i-diaphragm iyinto ephethe ukulawula inani lokukhanya elingena emshinini wethu, ukuphakama kokuvula kwayo, ukukhanya okungaphezulu kungawela ngaphakathi kwekhamera yethu ngakho-ke ulwazi oluningi kanye nama-nuances luzodluliswa ngamagagasi okukhanya. Singakwazi ukwenza lula ukuthi izinombolo ze-F zingukubonakaliswa noma uhlelo olusetshenzisiwe ukukala lelo zinga lokuvulwa kwesichazamazwi sethu.

Isigaba sokuqala senqubo ukungena kokukhanya kudivayisi, kepha kuya ngemodi yohlelo lwethu, isinyathelo esilandelayo kungaba inzwa ye-elekthronikhi noma ngqo ifilimu ebonakalayo. Uma sisebenza ngemodi yedijithali, ukukhanya kuzolinganiswa futhi kukalwe ngenzwa, kepha uma sisebenza ngohlelo lwe-analog (okungajwayelekile kakhulu muva nje), lolu lwazi luzohlaziywa yifilimu leyo, ngokuya ngezinga layo lokuzwela, izothatha imininingwane engaphezulu noma emincane.

Kusho ukuthini isinyathelo se-F-Stop?

Njengoba sesishilo, singashintsha ububanzi bokuvula bomgodi lapho ukukhanya kuhlungwa khona (i-diaphragm yethu). Ezikhathini eziningi sidinga ukunciphisa le ndawo futhi Ngezinombolo ze-F sizonciphisa (noma kunalokho sithathe isampula) inani lokukhanya. Ukwehlisa inani lokukhanya ngesigamu kufanele senze indawo yehliswe ngesigamu futhi lokhu kufana nokwenza isinyathelo noma ukunciphisa inombolo ka-F. Lokhu kusho ukuthi singalandela inqubo ehlehlayo, okusho ukuthi, ukwandisa ububanzi noma indawo lapho ukukhanya kuhlunga kabili lokho okubizwa ngokuthi ukwenyuka okugcwele. Singayiphinda le nqubo size sifinyelele ekuvulekeni okuphezulu kwenhloso yethu, eyaziwa njenge-zero stop. Vele, lokhu kunezisekelo zayo kanye nokucabanga okunengqondo-kwezibalo ngemuva kwakho, kepha ngiyaqonda ukuthi okwamanje akudingekile ukubathonya ngoba kungazenza izinto zibe nzima kakhulu kunesidingo nangaphandle kwesidingo. Izomane ikukhumbuze ukuthi ukunciphisa indawo yombuthano noma isiyingi phakathi, sidinga ukuhlukanisa ububanzi ngempande eyisikwele engu-2 = 1.41421356.

Ngemuva kwalokho ngikushiya nenani lenombolo ngayinye ka-F kanye ne-stop noma isinyathelo esimele ngasinye sazo:

misa 0 = f / 1.00000

misa 1 = f / 1.41421

misa 2 = f / 2.00000

misa 3 = f / 2.82842

misa 4 = f / 4.00000

misa 5 = f / 5.65685

misa 6 = f / 8.00000

misa 7 = f / 11.31370

misa 8 = f / 16.00000

misa 9 = f / 22.62741

misa 10 = f / 32.00000

Ngokuvamile, iningi lamakhamera lisinikeza ithuba lokuvula nokuvala izichotho zethu ngokulandela izinyathelo noma ukweqa kwe-1/3 noma i-1/2, lokhu kusho ukuthi zisivumela ukuthi silungise inani lokukhanya elingena kulensi yethu ngomugqa lokho kuhamba phakathi kwengxenye nokuphindwe kabili noma okuthile okungaphansi kwengxenye kuleli cala ushintsho lwamacala luzokwenzeka ngendlela ehamba kancane nangama-nuances athambile (izinyathelo).

Kubalulekile ukuthi ucabangele ...

• Izinombolo ze-F yilezi izinkomba zosayizi wesikhala owakhiwa yidiaphragm yethu futhi ngaleyo ndlela ilawula inani lokukhanya elingena.

• Kumele sazi ukuthi lapho sibona ukumelwa okunenombolo f ngofeleba abakhulu (F) noma ngohlamvu omncane (f) sikhuluma ngezinhlelo ezahlukahlukene zokumelwa. Lapho sithola inombolo encane ka-F, le nkomba isixwayisa ngokuthi ukuvula kuvulekile futhi ngakho-ke ukukhanya okukhulu kuyangena; Kodwa-ke, lapho sibona usonhlamvukazi ongu-F, usixwayisa ngokuphambene nalokho, futhi ngukuthi lokhu kusho ukuvula okukhulu ngakho-ke sisebenza ngokukhanya okuncane. Isibonelo: Ukukhulisa isitobhi esigcwele ukuya ku-F okuphezulu kunciphisa inani lokukhanya libe uhhafu. Ukwehlisa isitobhi esigcwele ku-F ophansi kuphindaphinda inani lokukhanya.

• Uma imodeli yekhamera yakho isebenza nohlelo oluhlukaniswe ngezinyathelo eziyi-1/3, kufanele sithathe ukweqa kathathu ukufeza ukuvula ngokugcwele noma isinyathelo esigcwele. Uma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, usebenza ngokweqa okungu-1/2 kuzofanele sithathe ukweqa okubili ukwenza isinyathelo esiphelele.