UMona Lisa kaLeonardo da Vinci
Uma kunomdwebo emlandweni wobuciko ovuse imfihlakalo noqhekeko eminyakeni edlule, akungabazeki ukuthi yiLa Gioconda noma iLa Mona Lisa. edwetshwe umdwebi okhazimulayo we-Renaissance uLeonardo da Vinci (1452-1519). Uma ufuna ukwazi kabanzi nge-da Vinci, ngikumema ukuthi ufunde lokhu okuthunyelwe kwangaphambilini.
ILa Gioconda, edwetshiwe ngamafutha kuphaneli ye-poplar elinganisa amasentimitha angama-77 x 53 phakathi kuka-1503 no-1519, njengamanje iboniswa eLouvre Museum eParis, lapho kwenziwa khona imigqa emide ukungena, Kubhekwa njengomunye wemidwebo edume kakhulu kunayo yonke isikhathi.
Ake sibheke ukwazi okuthile ngalo mfanekiso othakazelisayo.
Ubunikazi bowesifazane obumele
Igama lakhe, uGioconda, lisho ukuthi "ojabulayo" ngeSpanishi. Elinye igama lakhe, uMona, ngu "ma'am" ngesi-Italian sakudala, ngakho-ke uMona Lisa ngu "maam uLisa." Umbono owamukelwa kabanzi mayelana nokuthi abesifazane bangobani yilowo Imayelana nonkosikazi kaFrancesco Bartolomeo de Giocondo, ogama lakhe linguLisa Gherardini (Uthwala iveli ekhanda lakhe, isici sabafazi). Kepha kuyinto engafakazelwa. Kuthiwa futhi ubengumakhelwane kaLeonardo owayekhulelwe, ngenxa yokuma kwezingalo zakhe esiswini.
Kungani iLa Gioconda ibaluleke kangaka ngokombono wobuciko
Kulo mdwebo uLeonardo ibamba ngokuphelele inqubo yamanoveli emake ngaphambi nangemva emlandweni: the fumato. Yize okwamanje kungazwakali kahle ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i- fumato inikeza izibalo imingcele engaqondile, ibanikeze ukujula okukhulu nebanga. Uhlobo "lwentuthu" elenza ukuthi isibalo singagxili ngokuphelele, sigcizelela ukudlula kokuhamba, ngoba abantu abami ndawonye. Iphinde iqhakambise ukusetshenziswa kwe- strong fumato ebhokisini lakho ISan Juan Bautista noma ku Intombi EyiDwala.
Isendlalelo sesithombe
Kukuphi ukubukeka komhlaba ngemuva kowesifazane ongaqondakali otholakala? Kukhona nokucabanga okuningi maqondana nalokhu. Uphenyo lwakamuva luveza lokho kungaba idolobha laseBobbio, esifundeni sase-Emilia - Romagna, ebonakala ngohlobo lwegalari, njengengxenye yamakholomu amabili ingabonakala ohlangothini ngalunye lomhlaba. Okuthile okubuye kudonse ukunaka kwabaphenyi ukuthi zombili izinhlangothi zezwe azibonakali ziyisikwele, ngakwesobunxele kungaphansi kakhulu kunakwesokudla (amanzi asendaweni kufanele asuke kolunye uhlangothi aye kolunye futhi angahlali emile). Lokhu kudala umphumela olandelayo we-optical: uma sibheka ohlangothini lwesobunxele sibona owesifazane eqonde kakhulu kunalapho sibheka kwesokudla, ngendlela yokuthi lapho sibheka kolunye uhlangothi siye kolunye, indlela obukeka ngayo ebusweni bakho iyehluka. Ingabe yilokhu okwenza ubuso bakhe buhehe wonke umuntu?
Inkulumo yakhe eyindida
Akekho owaziyo namuhla ukuthi uMona Lisa wazizwa kanjani noma wacabangani lapho kuvezwa, ngoba ukumamatheka kwakhe nokukhuluma kwakhe kuyindida kuwo wonke umuntu. Ngokusho kukaVasari, umculi wase-Italy oqondane noLeonardo: Ngenkathi ngimuveza, wayenabantu abaculayo noma abadlalayo, kanye nezimpama ezazimjabulisa, ukuzama ukugwema lokho kudangala okuvame ukwenzeka ekudwebeni isithombe.
Izifundo okwamanje zenziwa kusetshenziswa amathuluzi ezobuchwepheshe azama ukucacisa ukumamatheka kwakhe okuyindida, ngokuya ngerekhodi lobuso.
Kwakukhona futhi kuphikiswa yi-Italy neFrance
«Paris 2017 50 nguJan Willem Broekema» nguJan Willem Broekema unikezwe ilayisensi ngaphansi kweCC BY-NC-ND 2.0
Yize uLeonardo ashonela eFrance, amaNtaliyane athi wazalelwa e-Italy, ngakho-ke uMona Lisa kufanele abe lapho. Izingxabano ezinkulu kuwo wonke umlando zenze lo mdwebo waduma kakhulu. Kwakukhona nokuphanga ngo-1911, okwenziwa owayengumsebenzi wase-Italy emnyuziyamu waseLouvre, uVincenzo Peruggia, ukuthi abuyiselwe e-Italy.
Futhi yini oyithanda kakhulu ngeLa Gioconda?