Amanani e-F: Abalingane bakho abaphambili kwimifanekiso yedijithali

Ukukhanya yeyona nto iphambili kwaye ayinakuphikiswa kwinkqubo yokubamba iifoto, ke ukufunda ukuyisebenzisa, ukuyilawula kunye nokuyilawula yenye yezinto zokuqala ekufuneka sifunde ukuzenza. Enkosi kuphuhliso lweenkqubo ezintsonkothileyo kunye nokufikeleleka sinokusebenzisa ukukhanya kwaye silungelelanise iimfuno zethu ngaphandle komzamo omkhulu kwaye kulapho amanani e-F angena khona.

Ndiqinisekile ukuba uvile ukuba ngaphezulu kwesihlandlo esinye malunga Indawo yokumisa i-F okanye uye wazibuza ukuba yintoni ilogic okanye ikhonkco elikhona phakathi kwamaxabiso amanani avela kwiilensi zekhamera yakho. Eyona nto ilula kakhulu kwaye ibhekisa kulawulo okanye ekuphatheni ukukhanya apho umatshini wethu usebenza khona. Ndikucebisa ukuba ujonge Oku kubhaliwe kunye nabanye ekufotweni esinayo kwibhlog yethu kuba baya kukunceda kakhulu ukuba uqonde ukusebenza kwekhamera kunye nenkqubo yayo yangaphakathi (ungasebenzisa injini yokukhangela ebonakala kwindawo ephezulu ngasekunene). Ngayiphi na imeko ukuba unemibuzo ungahlala undibhalela uluvo.

Ke… athetha ntoni la manani?

Siyazi ukuba uvalo yinto ephetheyo ekulawuleni ubungakanani bokukhanya obungena kumatshini wethu, ukuphakama kwenqanaba lokuvula, ukukhanya okungaphezulu kunokuwela ngaphakathi kwikhamera yethu kwaye ke isixa esikhulu solwazi kunye nokukhanya kuya kudluliswa ngamaza okukhanya. Sinokwenza lula ukuba iinombolo ze-F zimelwe okanye inkqubo esetyenzisiweyo ukulinganisa inqanaba lokuvulwa kwesithsaba sethu.

Isigaba sokuqala senkqubo kukungena kokukhanya kwisixhobo, nangona kunjalo kuxhomekeke kwimowudi yenkqubo yethu, inyathelo elilandelayo liya kuba sisixhobo sombane okanye ngqo ifilimu ebonakalayo. Ukuba sisebenza kwimowudi yedijithali, ukukhanya kuya kulinganiswa kwaye kulinganiswe ngesenzi, nangona kunjalo ukuba sisebenza ngenkqubo ye-analog (engaqhelekanga kakhulu mva nje), olu lwazi luya kuhlaziywa yifilimu ethi, kuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lobuntununtunu bayo, iya kufaka ulwazi ngakumbi nangaphantsi.

Ithetha ntoni inyathelo lokuma kwe-F?

Njengoko besesitshilo, sinako ukwahlula ububanzi bokuvula bomngxunya ekucocwe kuwo ukukhanya (isithsaba sethu). Kwizihlandlo ezininzi kufuneka sinciphise le ndawo kwaye Ngamanani F siya kunciphisa (okanye endaweni yoko sisampulu) inani lokukhanya. Ukunciphisa inani lokukhanya ngesiqingatha kufuneka siyenze indawo incitshiswe ngesiqingatha kwaye oku kuyafana nokwenza inyathelo okanye ukunciphisa inani le-F. Oku kuthetha ukuba sinokulandela inkqubo yokubuyela umva, oko kukuthi, ukwandisa ububanzi okanye indawo apho ukukhanya kuhluza kabini oko kubizwa ngokuba kukunyuka okupheleleyo. Singayiphinda le nkqubo de sifike ekuvulekeni okuphezulu kwenjongo yethu, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-zero stop. Ewe kunjalo, oku kunesiseko kunye nokuqiqa okulungeleleneyo-kwemathematics emva kwayo, kodwa ndiyaqonda ukuba okwangoku akukho mfuneko yokuba ubaphembelele kuba inokwenza izinto zibe nzima nangaphezulu kwaye kungeyomfuneko. Iya kukukhumbuza ngokulula ukuba ukunciphisa indawo yesangqa okanye isazinge kwisiqingatha, kufuneka sahlule ububanzi ngengcambu ka-2 = 1.41421356.

Emva koko ndikushiya ngexabiso ngalinye lamanani F kunye nokumisa okanye inyathelo elimele elowo:

yeka 0 = f / 1.00000

yeka 1 = f / 1.41421

yeka 2 = f / 2.00000

yeka 3 = f / 2.82842

yeka 4 = f / 4.00000

yeka 5 = f / 5.65685

yeka 6 = f / 8.00000

yeka 7 = f / 11.31370

yeka 8 = f / 16.00000

yeka 9 = f / 22.62741

yeka 10 = f / 32.00000

Ngokubanzi, uninzi lweekhamera zisinika ithuba lokuvula kunye nokuvala iidayaphragms zethu ngokulandela amanyathelo okanye ngokutsiba kwe-1/3 okanye i-1/2, oku kuthetha ukuba bayasivumela silungelelanise inani lokukhanya elingena kwiilensi zethu ngomda ehamba phakathi kwesiqingatha kunye nokuphindwe kabini okanye into engaphantsi kwesiqingatha kule meko yesibini utshintsho luya kwenzeka ngendlela ethe chu ngakumbi kunye nokuthamba okungaphezulu (amanyathelo).

Kubalulekile ukuba uthathe ingqalelo ...

• Amanani F a izikhombisi zobungakanani bendawo eyakhiwe yidaphragm yethu kwaye ke ulawula ubungakanani bokukhanya okungena.

• Kuya kufuneka sazi ukuba xa sibona ukumelwa ngenani f ngonobumba abakhulu (F) okanye koonobumba abancinci (f) Sithetha ngeenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokumelwa. Xa sifumana inani elincinci le-F, esi salathisi siyasilumkisa ukuba umgodi mkhulu kwaye ke ngoko ukukhanya kuyangena; Nangona kunjalo, xa sibona inani elingunobumba F, liyasilumkisa ngokuchaseneyo, kwaye oku kuthetha ukuba kunendawo enkulu yokuvula ke sisebenza ngenani elincinci lokukhanya. Umzekelo: Ukuphakamisa isitopu ukuya kuma-F aphezulu kunciphisa inani lokukhanya kwisiqingatha. Ukuhlisa isitopu esiya kwi-F esezantsi ukuphinda kabini ukukhanya.

• Ukuba imodeli yakho yekhamera isebenza ngenkqubo eyahlulwe yangamanyathelo e-1/3, kufuneka sithathe ukutsiba kathathu ukufezekisa indawo epheleleyo okanye inyathelo elipheleleyo. Ukuba kwelinye icala usebenza ngokutsiba kwe-1/2 kuya kufuneka sithathe ukutsiba kabini ukwenza inyathelo elipheleleyo.