Ngaba ungathanda ukwazi ukuba ezinye ze imiboniso ebonakalayo nenomtsalane ngakumbi yecinema yoopopayi? Ngaba ukhe wazibuza ukuba ngaba abalinganiswa beekhathuni benziwa njani ukuba bahambe ngokwendalo kwaye bacace? Impendulo ilele kubuchule obubizwa ngokuba yirotoscoping, ebandakanya ukuzoba kwimifanekiso yokwenyani ukwenza ulandelelwano lweanimated. I-Rotoscoping bubuchule bopopayi enembali engaphezulu kwenkulungwane, neye yasetyenziswa ziinkosi ezinkulu zecinema, ezinje ngoWalt Disney, uRalph Bakshi okanye uRichard Linklater.
Rotoscoping iye yavela ngokuhamba kwexesha, ukuziqhelanisa nobuchwepheshe obutsha kunye neendlela ezintsha zokubonisa ubugcisa. Kweli nqaku siza kuchaza ukuba yintoni i-rotoscoping, yenziwa njani, yintoni imbali yayo kunye nemizekelo ekhoyo. Ngale ndlela unokwazi ngakumbi obu buchule inika umdla kwaye iyayixabisa ixabiso layo kunye nobuhle bayo.
Yintoni i-rotoscoping kwaye yenziwa njani?
Rotoscoping Bubuchule bopopayi obuquka umzobo kwimifanekiso yokwenyani ukwenza ulandelelwano lweanimated. Inkqubo yobu buchule yile ilandelayo:
- Umboniso ufotwa kunye nabadlali bokwenyani, usebenzisa ividiyo okanye ikhamera yefilimu.
- Umboniso uqikelelwa isakhelo ngesakhelo ku-a isikrini esicacileyo okanye iphaneli yokukhanya.
- Izotywe kwisakhelo ngasinye, ikopisha iicontours, iinkcukacha kunye nokunyakaza kwabadlali.
- Imvelaphi yokwenyani iyasuswa kwaye indawo yayo ithatyathwe izotyiweyo okanye ipeyintiwe.
- Ulandelelwano lwemizobo ludityanisiwe kunye ukwenza i-animation yokugqibela.
Rotoscoping Ikuvumela ukuba wenze oopopayi benyani kunye nolwelo, kuba lusekwe kwintshukumo yomntu. Ikwakuvumela ukuba wongeze izinto ezintle okanye ezenziwe ngesitayile, ezinje ngemibala, imilo okanye iziphumo ezikhethekileyo. IRotoscoping ingasetyenziselwa vuselela abalinganiswa, izinto okanye imbonakalo-mhlaba.
Yintoni imbali ye-rotoscoping?
I-Rotoscoping inembali enomdla kakhulu, eqala ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-XNUMX. Ezinye zeziganeko ezibalulekileyo kweli bali zezi:
- Umqambi we-rotoscoping nguMax Fleischer, umenzi wopopayi wasePoland-waseMelika owadala umatshini obizwa ngokuba yirotoscope ngowe-1915. Lo matshini wabonisa iifreyimu zefilimu yokwenene kwiphaneli ecacileyo, apho amagcisa anokudweba kuzo. UFleischer wasebenzisa lo matshini ukwenza uthotho lwakhe Ngaphandle kweInkwe (1918-1927), edlala umlingisi onguKoko.
- Enye yezinto zokuqala zokusetyenziswa kwe-rotoscoping kwi-cinema yayikwifilimu Isela laseBagdad (1924), ilawulwa nguRaoul Walsh. Kule filimu, i-rotoscoping yayisetyenziselwa ukudala umphumo wenamba endizayo.
- Enye yezona zinto zibalaseleyo ze-rotoscoping YayinguWalt Disney, owasebenzisa kwiifilimu zakhe ezininzi zakudala, ezifana ne-Snow White kunye ne-Seven Dwarfs (1937), i-Pinocchio (1940) okanye i-Sleeping Beauty (1959). I-Disney isebenzise i-rotoscoping ukunika inyani ngakumbi kunye nokucacisa kubalinganiswa bayo, ngokusekwe kubadlali bokwenyani abafana UMarge Champion okanye uHelene Stanley.
- Omnye woovulindlela be-rotoscoping kwi-cinema ezimeleyo yaba URalph Bakshi, owayisebenzisa kwiifilimu ezifana neNkosi yeRings (1978), i-American Pop (1981) okanye i-Fire and Ice (1983). U-Bakshi usebenzise i-rotoscoping ukwenza ii-epic kunye neziganeko ezimangalisayo, ezinesitayile esimnyama kunye nesininzi sabantu abadala.
- Omnye wabasunguli be-rotoscoping kwi-cinema yedijithali yaba URichard Linklater, owayisebenzisa kwiifilimu ezifana ne-Waking Life (2001) okanye i-Scanner Darkly (2006). I-Linklater isebenzise i-rotoscoping ukwenza imiboniso efana nephupha kunye ne-psychedelic, ngesitayile esingaphaya kunye nesilingo.
Yiyiphi imizekelo ye-rotoscoping ekhoyo?
I-Rotoscoping isetyenziswe kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zeefilimu, uthotho, iividiyo zomculo kunye nemidlalo yevidiyo, yomibini i-animated kunye nentshukumo ephilayo. Eminye imizekelo ye-rotoscoping yile:
- Ifilimu ethi The Prince of Egypt (1998), ilawulwa nguBrenda Chapman, uSteve Hickner kunye noSimon Wells. Kule filimu, i-rotoscoping yayisetyenziselwa ukudala umphumo wokuhlukana koLwandle oluBomvu, ngokusekelwe kwimifanekiso yangempela yamaza kunye ne-foam.
- Iimfazwe zeNkwenkwezi: Iimfazwe zeClone (2008-2020), yenziwe nguGeorge Lucas. Kolu chungechunge, i-rotoscoping yayisetyenziselwa ukudala ukuhamba kwee-lightsabers, ngokusekelwe kwimifanekiso yangempela yamakrele kunye neentonga.
- Ikliphu yevidiyo ethi Take On Me (1985), yiqela laseNorway elithi A-ha. Kule kliphu yevidiyo, i-rotoscoping isetyenziselwe ukudala isiphumo sencwadi ehlekisayo esiza ebomini, esekwe kwimifanekiso yokwenyani yamalungu ebhendi kunye nomlingisi uBunty Bailey.
- Umdlalo wevidiyo iNkosana yasePersi (1989), eyenziwe nguJordan Mechner. Kulo mdlalo wevidiyo, i-rotoscoping yayisetyenziselwa ukudala ukuhamba kwe-protagonist, ngokusekelwe kwimifanekiso yangempela yomzalwana womdali.
Yeyiphi imingeni enayo irotoscoping?
I-Rotoscoping yindlela yopopayi enezibonelelo ezininzi, kodwa kunye nemiceli mngeni ekufuneka uyigcine engqondweni. Eminye yale mingeni yile:
- Yinkqubo enzima nebiza imali eninzi. I-Rotoscoping idinga ixesha elininzi kunye nomsebenzi wokudala isakhelo ngasinye, njengoko kufuneka udwebe ngaphaya kwemifanekiso yangempela ngokuchanekileyo kunye neenkcukacha. Ukongeza, i-rotoscoping ibandakanya iindleko eziphezulu zokuvelisa, kuba iifilimu kufuneka zifakwe kunye nabadlali bokwenyani, baqikelelwe kwaye bazotywe.
- Bubuchule obuphikisanayo nobugxekwayo. I-Rotoscoping ibe ngumxholo wempikiswano kunye nokugxekwa kwamanye amacandelo efilimu kunye noopopayi, abacinga ukuba luhlobo lokukopa okanye ukungabikho kwemvelaphi. Abanye bathi i-rotoscoping ayiyonyani ye-animation, kodwa ikopi nje yenyani, kwaye iphazamisa ubugcisa kunye netalente yee-animators.
- Bubuchule obulinganiselweyo nobuxhomekeke. I-Rotoscoping inezithintelo ezithile kunye nokuxhomekeka okunokuchaphazela umgangatho kunye nobuchule bemisebenzi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-rotoscoping ixhomekeke kwimifanekiso yokwenyani esetyenziswe njengesiseko, enokuthi ithintele inkululeko kunye nokucinga kwabaculi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-rotoscoping inokungabonakali okanye ingaqiniseki ukuba ukudibanisa kakuhle phakathi komzobo kunye nemvelaphi ayifezekanga, okanye ukuba ukunyakaza okanye ukuvakalelwa kwabadlali kulahlekile.
Yenza yonke into ibe-animated
I-Rotoscoping bubuchule bopopayi obuquka zoba kwimifanekiso yokwenyani ukwenza ulandelelwano oluphilileyo. IRotoscoping inembali engaphezulu kwenkulungwane, kwaye isetyenziswe ziinkosi ezinkulu zecinema, ezinje ngoWalt Disney, uRalph Bakshi okanye uRichard Linklater. I-Rotoscoping iye yavela ngokuhamba kwexesha, ukuziqhelanisa nobuchwepheshe obutsha kunye kwiindlela ezintsha zokubonisa ubugcisa.
Kweli nqaku sichaze ukuba yintoni i-rotoscoping, yenziwa njani, yintoni imbali yayo kunye nemizekelo ekhoyo. Ngale ndlela unokubuqonda ngcono obu buchule bunomdla kwaye uxabise ixabiso kunye nobuhle bayo.